English rise-fall-rise: a study in the semantics and pragmatics of intonation
English rise-fall-rise: a study in the semantics and pragmatics of intonation
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英语的升-降-升：语调的语义和语用研究
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
Noah Constant
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作者：
Noah Constant
本文从语义学的角度分析了英语升-降-升语调作为可断言替代命题上的焦点量词的作用。我定位RFR意义在传统的含义维度，并提出其效果是在一个动态模型内计算晚。用最少的机器，这个帐户捕捉消歧和标量效应，以及与其他焦点操作符（如“only”和clefts）的交互。双焦点数据进一步支持了分析，并导致对Ward和Hirschberg（Language 61：747-776，1985）声称RFR从未消除歧义的否定。最后，我画出RFR和对比主题（CT）语调之间的联系（Büring，Linguist Philos 26：511-545，2003），并表明RFR不能简单地减少到CT的一个子案例。
This paper provides a semantic analysis of English rise-fall-rise (RFR) intonation as a focus quantifier over assertable alternative propositions. I locate RFR meaning in the conventional implicature dimension, and propose that its effect is calculated late within a dynamic model. With a minimum of machinery, this account captures disambiguation and scalar effects, as well as interactions with other focus operators like ‘only’ and clefts. Double focus data further support the analysis, and lead to a rejection of Ward and Hirschberg’s (Language 61:747–776, 1985) claim that RFR never disambiguates. Finally, I draw out connections between RFR and contrastive topic (CT) intonation (Büring, Linguist Philos 26:511–545, 2003), and show that RFR cannot simply be reduced to a sub-case of CT.