Environmental and economic impacts of solar-powered integrated greenhouses
Environmental and economic impacts of solar-powered integrated greenhouses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/jiec.12934
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-13
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
DeCarolis, Joseph F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollingsworth, Joseph A.;Ravishankar, Eshwar;DeCarolis, Joseph F.
温室蔬菜生产在向全球市场提供全年新鲜蔬菜、实现更高产量和使用比露地系统更少的水方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但代价是能源需求增加。这项研究考察了将半透明有机光伏(OPV)整合到温室设计中的生命周期、环境和经济影响。我们使用生命周期评估来分析与在三个不同地点的太阳能综合温室(春季)生产温室番茄相关的六个环境影响，并与有和没有相邻太阳能光伏阵列的传统温室进行比较。弹簧设计显著减少了对环境的影响，特别是在日照强度和电力密集型能源需求较高的地区。例如，在亚利桑那州，常规温室、相邻光伏温室和春季温室的全球变暖潜能值分别为3.71、2.38和2.36公斤二氧化碳当量/公斤番茄。与传统温室相比，春季设计可能会增加寒冷地区的生命周期环境负担，因为OPV的遮阳作用增加了供暖需求。我们的分析表明，春季设计必须将作物产量维持在与传统温室相似的水平，才能在经济上具有竞争力。假设作物产量稳定，不确定性分析显示，在整个亚利桑那州，传统光伏系统、相邻光伏系统和春季系统目前的平均净生产成本分别为每公斤西红柿3.43美元、3.38美元和3.64美元。
Greenhouse vegetable production plays a vital role in providing year-round fresh vegetables to global markets, achieving higher yields, and using less water than open-field systems, but at the expense of increased energy demand. This study examines the life cycle environmental and economic impacts of integrating semitransparent organic photovoltaics (OPVs) into greenhouse designs. We employ life cycle assessment to analyze six environmental impacts associated with producing greenhouse-grown tomatoes in a Solar PoweRed INtegrated Greenhouse (SPRING) compared to conventional greenhouses with and without an adjacent solar photovoltaic array, across three distinct locations. The SPRING design produces significant reductions in environmental impacts, particularly in regions with high solar insolation and electricity-intensive energy demands. For example, in Arizona, global warming potential values for a conventional, adjacent PV and SPRING greenhouse are found to be 3.71, 2.38, and 2.36 kg CO2 eq/kg tomato, respectively. Compared to a conventional greenhouse, the SPRING design may increase life cycle environmental burdens in colder regions because the shading effect of OPV increases heating demands. Our analysis shows that SPRING designs must maintain crop yields at levels similar to conventional greenhouses in order to be economically competitive. Assuming consistent crop yields, uncertainty analysis shows average net present cost of production across Arizona to be $3.43, $3.38, and $3.64 per kg of tomato for the conventional, adjacent PV and SPRING system, respectively.