Late Pleistocene Climate and Water Budget of the South American Altiplano
Late Pleistocene Climate and Water Budget of the South American Altiplano
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0033-5894(85)90048-1
复制
发表时间：
1985-11
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
S. Hastenrath;J. Kutzbach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hastenrath;J. Kutzbach
来自秘鲁-玻利维亚高原的地貌证据表明，在28，000年前和12，500 - 11，000年B. P.左右，湖泊的面积分别是现在的六倍和四倍。在热量和水预算的约束下，模型计算用于估计降水率，使水文平衡。在此基础上，我们认为，在湖泊扩大的时期，高原地区的降雨量分别比现在增加了300和200 mm，分别增加了75%和50%。实地证据表明，高原上扩大的湖泊可能早于或与钻冰的安第斯山脉的最大冰川期相吻合。在冰平衡线海拔高的地区，降水量的增加特别有利于冰川的形成。
Geomorphic evidence from the Peruvian-Bolivian Altiplano indicates that during episodes prior to 28,000 and around 12,500-11,000 yr B.P., lakes covered an area about six and four times as large as at present, respectively. Within the constraints of the heat and water budget, model calculations are used to estimate the precipitation rate that would allow hydrologic equilibrium. On this basis it is suggested that rainfall on the Altiplano during the episodes of enlarged lakes was, respectively, some 300 and 200 mm annum−1 larger than at present, representing increases of about 75 and 50%, respectively. Field evidence suggests that the episodes of enlarged lakes on the Altiplano may have preceded or coincided with periods of maximum glaciation in the neigh-boring Andes. In this region with high elevation of the ice equilibrium line, increased precipitation is particularly conducive to glaciation.