PARTICLE HOPPING VS. FLUID-DYNAMICAL MODELS FOR TRAFFIC FLOW.
PARTICLE HOPPING VS. FLUID-DYNAMICAL MODELS FOR TRAFFIC FLOW.
复制标题
粒子跳跃与粒子跳跃
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Nagel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Nagel
虽然粒子跳跃模型在19509年就被引入交通科学，但它们的系统应用只是最近才开始的。两个原因是，它们在现代计算机上是有利的，最近的理论发展允许分析理解它们的属性，因此对它们的使用更有信心。原则上，粒子跳跃模型适合驾驶的微观模型和交通流的流体动力学模型之间。从这个意义上说，它们也有助于缩小这两者之间的概念差距。本文展示了粒子跳跃模型和交通流理论之间的联系。它表明，流体动力学的限制，某些粒子跳跃模型对应于交通流的莱特希尔-惠瑟姆理论，只有稍微复杂的粒子跳跃模型已经产生正确的交通堵塞的动态，符合最近的流体动力学模型的交通流。通过这样做，本文建立，在宏观层面上，粒子跳跃模型至少是一样好的流体动力学模型。然而，相对于流体动力学模型，粒子跳跃模型至少有两个优点：它们直接允许微观模拟，并且它们包括随机性。
Although particle hopping models have been introduced into traffic science in the 19509, their systematic use has only started recently. Two reasons for this are, that they are advantageous on modem computers, and that recent theoretical developments allow analytical understanding of their properties and therefore more confidence for their use. In principle, particle hopping models fit between microscopic models for driving and fluiddynamical models for traffic flow. In this sense, they also help closing the conceptual gap between these two. This paper shows connections between particle hopping models and traffic flow theory. It shows that the hydrodynamical limits of certain particle hopping models correspond to the Lighthill-Whitham theory for traffic flow, and that only slightly more complex particle hopping models produce already the correct traffic jam dynamics, consistent with recent fluid-dynamical models for traffic flow. By doing so, this paper establishes that, on the macroscopic level, particle hopping models are at least as good as fluid-dynamical models. Yet, particle hopping models have at least two advantages over fluid-dynamical models: they straightforwardly allow microscopic simulations, and they include stochasticity.