Snow Depth and Ice Thickness Measurements From the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas Collected During the AMSR-Ice03 Campaign
Snow Depth and Ice Thickness Measurements From the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas Collected During the AMSR-Ice03 Campaign
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DOI：
10.1109/tgrs.2006.878236
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发表时间：
2006-10
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
M. Sturm;J. Maslanik;D. Perovich;J. Stroeve;J. Richter-Menge;T. Markus;Jon Holmgren;J. Heinrichs;K. Tape
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sturm;J. Maslanik;D. Perovich;J. Stroeve;J. Richter-Menge;T. Markus;Jon Holmgren;J. Heinrichs;K. Tape
2003年3月，在AK Barrow附近的海冰上进行了一次实地验证活动。这项活动的目标是建立一个广泛的海冰厚度和雪特性（深度和地层学）数据集，与飞机和卫星收集的遥感产品进行比较。其中最主要的是搭载在NASA P-3B飞机上的偏振扫描辐射计（PSR）和用于地球观测系统的Aqua高级微波扫描辐射计（AMSR-E）的产品。这些数据是在四个野外地区收集的：三个在巴罗附近的沿海海冰上，AK，第四个在巴罗东北175公里的开放浮冰上。沿海地区（3个地区n=9881）积雪深度为9.4 ~ 20.8 cm，冬末形成的冰雪最薄。在主要的浮冰中，积雪深度为20.6厘米（n=1906）。所有四个地区的冰厚度在138-219厘米之间（n=1952），在冬末形成冰的地方，冰的厚度也较低。118个雪坑的雪层和颗粒特征表明，44%的雪层为深灰白色；46%为风板。雪和冰的测量是由低空垂直航空照片制成的显微图像决定的。利用这些数据，以及冰面粗糙度、雪面特征和雪深之间独特的三向关系，绘制了覆盖导线的雪深条形图，每张图宽约2公里。这些地图包含了前所未有的雪深细节，可以与遥感产品进行比较。这些地图被用在本期特刊的其他论文中，用于检查从PSR和AMSR-E传感器检索雪的特性
In March 2003, a field validation campaign was conducted on the sea ice near Barrow, AK. The goal of this campaign was to produce an extensive dataset of sea ice thickness and snow properties (depth and stratigraphy) against which remote sensing products collected by aircraft and satellite could be compared. Chief among these were products from the Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) flown aboard a NASA P-3B aircraft and the Aqua Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E). The data were collected in four field areas: three on the coastal sea ice near Barrow, AK, and the fourth out on the open ice pack 175 km northeast of Barrow. The snow depth ranged from 9.4-20.8 cm in coastal areas (n=9881 for three areas) with the thinnest snow on ice that had formed late in the winter. Out in the main pack ice, the snow was 20.6 cm deep (n=1906). The ice in all four areas ranged from 138-219 cm thick (n=1952), with the lower value again where the ice had formed late in the winter. Snow layer and grain characteristics observed in 118 snow pits indicated that 44% of observed snow layers were depth hoar; 46% were wind slab. Snow and ice measurements were keyed to photomosaics produced from low-altitude vertical aerial photographs. Using these, and a distinctive three-way relationship between ice roughness, snow surface characteristics, and snow depth, strip maps of snow depth, each about 2 km wide, were produced bracketing the traverse lines. These maps contain an unprecedented level of snow depth detail against which to compare remote sensing products. The maps are used in other papers in this special issue to examine the retrieval of snow properties from the PSR and AMSR-E sensors