Influence of Trp flipping on carbohydrate binding in lectins. An example on Aleuria aurantia lectin AAL.

Influence of Trp flipping on carbohydrate binding in lectins. An example on Aleuria aurantia lectin AAL.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0189375
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Koča J
Koča J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Houser J;Kozmon S;Mishra D;Mishra SK;Romano PR;Wimmerová M;Koča J

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蛋白质-碳水化合物的相互作用通常是由涉及色氨酸(Trp)、酪氨酸(Tyr)或苯丙氨酸(Phe)等芳香族氨基酸侧链的CH-π堆积相互作用介导的。特别适合堆放的是色氨酸残渣。对PDB数据库的分析显示,在5208个含有Trp的动机中,有265个碳水化合物或类碳水化合物配体的Trp堆积。研究这种相互作用的一个合适的模型系统是AAL凝集素家族,其中堆积相互作用起着至关重要的作用,并被认为是碳水化合物结合的驱动力。在这项研究中,我们提供的数据显示,在AAL Trp侧链与碳水化合物的堆积作用中有一个新的发现。以α-甲基-L-岩藻糖苷为配体的水杨草凝集素的高分辨X射线结构显示了两种可能的色氨酸侧链构象,其电子密度相同。电子数据表明,色氨酸侧链的构象不影响相互作用能,尽管每个构象都与不同的碳水化合物CH基团相互作用。此外,PDB数据搜索显示,构象几乎均匀地分布在所有色氨酸-碳水化合物复合体中,这表明对一种构象没有明显的偏好。
Protein–carbohydrate interactions are very often mediated by the stacking CH–π interactions involving the side chains of aromatic amino acids such as tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr) or phenylalanine (Phe). Especially suitable for stacking is the Trp residue. Analysis of the PDB database shows Trp stacking for 265 carbohydrate or carbohydrate like ligands in 5 208 Trp containing motives. An appropriate model system to study such an interaction is the AAL lectin family where the stacking interactions play a crucial role and are thought to be a driving force for carbohydrate binding. In this study we present data showing a novel finding in the stacking interaction of the AAL Trp side chain with the carbohydrate. High resolution X-ray structure of the AAL lectin from Aleuria aurantia with α-methyl-l-fucoside ligand shows two possible Trp side chain conformations with the same occupation in electron density. The in silico data shows that the conformation of the Trp side chain does not influence the interaction energy despite the fact that each conformation creates interactions with different carbohydrate CH groups. Moreover, the PDB data search shows that the conformations are almost equally distributed across all Trp–carbohydrate complexes, which would suggest no substantial preference for one conformation over another.
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