Public health implications of legalising the production and sale of cannabis for medicinal and recreational use
Public health implications of legalising the production and sale of cannabis for medicinal and recreational use
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31789-1
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发表时间：
2019-10-26
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Degenhardt, Louisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Wayne;Stjepanovic, Daniel;Degenhardt, Louisa
我们评估了当前和未来可能的公共卫生影响大麻生产，销售合法化，并在美洲使用。首先，我们描述了大麻使用的全球模式及其最可能的不良健康影响。其次，我们总结了有关大麻素用于药用的有效性的证据，并描述了用于规范药用大麻使用的方法，以及这些方法如何影响药用和娱乐用途和危害（例如，道路交通事故）。第三，我们描述了娱乐用途合法化的司法管辖区如何监管大麻的生产和销售。第四，我们评估大麻合法化对大麻使用和危害以及酒精，烟草和其他药物使用的影响。第五，我们使用酒精和烟草政策的例子来确定大麻合法化可能对公共卫生产生的长期影响。最后，我们概述了可以最大限度地减少商业大麻产业合法化对公众健康造成危害的政策方法。
We assess the current and describe possible future public health impacts of the legalisation of cannabis production, sale, and use in the Americas. First, we describe global patterns of cannabis use and their most probable adverse health effects. Second, we summarise evidence regarding the effectiveness of cannabinoids for medicinal use and describe approaches that have been used to regulate the use of medicinal cannabis and how these approaches might have affected medicinal and recreational use and harms (eg, road crashes). Third, we describe how jurisdictions that have legalised recreational use have regulated production and sale of cannabis. Fourth, we evaluate the effects of cannabis legalisation on cannabis use and harms and on the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. Fifth, we use alcohol and tobacco policy examples to identify possible long-term public health effects of cannabis legalisation. Finally, we outline policy approaches that could minimise harms to public health arising from the legalisation of a commercial cannabis industry.