Partially incorrect fossil data augment analyses of discrete trait evolution in living species.

Partially incorrect fossil data augment analyses of discrete trait evolution in living species.
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DOI:
10.1098/rsbl.2016.0392
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发表时间:
2016-08
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Puttick MN
Puttick MN
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Puttick MN

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在试图了解现存物种特征的起源和同源性时,离散特征特征的祖先状态重建通常是至关重要的。化石的加入已被证明改变了我们对现有分类群特征进化的理解,但如果只有少数已知,或者如果感兴趣的特征的名称不确定,研究人员可能会避免将化石与现有物种一起使用。在这里,我研究了化石和错误编码的化石在似然模型下离散形态特征的祖先状态重建中的影响。在模拟的系统发育和数据下,基于似然的模型在估计祖先节点值时通常是准确的。结合化石和现存数据的分析总是比单独分析现存物种更好,即使大约四分之一的化石信息是不正确的。这些结果在违反模型假设时尤其明显,例如当偏离根值的趋势出现时。在尝试估计根节点特征状态时,化石数据特别重要。即使化石特征数据存在不确定性,也应尝试将化石包括在可能性下的离散特征分析中。
Ancestral state reconstruction of discrete character traits is often vital when attempting to understand the origins and homology of traits in living species. The addition of fossils has been shown to alter our understanding of trait evolution in extant taxa, but researchers may avoid using fossils alongside extant species if only few are known, or if the designation of the trait of interest is uncertain. Here, I investigate the impacts of fossils and incorrectly coded fossils in the ancestral state reconstruction of discrete morphological characters under a likelihood model. Under simulated phylogenies and data, likelihood-based models are generally accurate when estimating ancestral node values. Analyses with combined fossil and extant data always outperform analyses with extant species alone, even when around one quarter of the fossil information is incorrect. These results are especially pronounced when model assumptions are violated, such as when there is a trend away from the root value. Fossil data are of particular importance when attempting to estimate the root node character state. Attempts should be made to include fossils in analysis of discrete traits under likelihood, even if there is uncertainty in the fossil trait data.
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