Cold-hardiness of a laboratory colony of lone star ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
Cold-hardiness of a laboratory colony of lone star ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/33.4.706
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发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Lee, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Needham, GR;Jaworski, DC;Lee, RE
对实验室群体孤星蜱 Amblyomma americanum (L.) 的耐寒性进行了表征。喂食和未喂食的幼虫、喂食和未喂食的若虫以及未喂食的成虫在-17℃下暴露7天都无法存活。在-10摄氏度下暴露8天后，成虫比幼虫更能耐受寒冷，未喂食的蜱虫比喂食的蜱虫表现更好。将未喂食的 6 周龄（蜕皮后）成年雄性和雌性暴露在 -15 摄氏度下，时间间隔增加至 2 小时，这表明雄性比雌性更能耐受寒冷。 2小时低温处理后3天，一半成虫存活。雄性可能由于血淋巴渗透压显着较高而得以幸存，尽管在暴露于 0 摄氏度 2 小时后，两性的溶质浓度均有所增加。 驯化至 5 摄氏度 7 天对未进食的雄性和雌性、饱食的若虫和幼虫以及卵的过冷点没有影响。没有一个生命阶段能在过冷中幸存下来，这强烈表明该物种不耐冻。未成熟阶段对寒冷的不耐受可能是北美孤星蜱北部分布的一个限制因素。
The cold-hardiness of a lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), laboratory colony was characterized. Fed and unfed larvae, fed and unfed nymphs, and unfed adults did not survive exposure to -17 degrees C for 7 d. After an 8-d exposure to -10 degrees C, adults tolerated cold better than immatures and unfed specimens fared better than fed ticks. Exposing unfed 6-wk-old (postmolt) adult males and females to -15 degrees C for increasing intervals up to 2 h suggests that males were more tolerant to cold than were females. Half of all adults were alive 3 d after the 2-h low-temperature treatment. Males may have survived because of a significantly higher hemolymph osmotic pressure, although the solute concentration increased for both sexes after a 2h exposure to 0 degrees C. Acclimation to 5 degrees C for 7 d had no influence on supercooling points for unfed males and females, engorged nymphs and larvae, and eggs. None of the life stages survived supercooling, which strongly suggests that this species is freeze intolerant. Intolerance of immature stages to chilling may be a limiting factor in the northern distribution of lone star ticks in North America.