Wildflowers as nectar sources for Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)
Wildflowers as nectar sources for Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/ee/24.6.1726
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Grafius, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Idris, AB;Grafius, E
在野外研究了野花对北美小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella， L.）主要寄生蜂之一的岛蛾（Dtadegma insulare, Cresson）寿命和繁殖力的影响。野生花为岛花菊提供了花蜜来源。寄生雌虫的寿命和繁殖力随野花种类和花的形态特征而变化。几种鲍尔斯，包括甘蓝（哥伦比亚特区）。[美]惠勒。以花蜜为食的红桃桃（Daucus carota L.）和以蜂蜜水为食的红桃桃的寿命和繁殖力与以蜂蜜水为食的红桃桃相当，其他的红桃桃（Erysimum cheiranthoides L.）和红桃桃（Thlaspi arvense L.）的寿命和繁殖力不明显优于无食。Chenopodium album L.和Sonchus arvensis L.不提供有效的花蜜，而成虫以取食蚜虫分泌的蜜露为食。岛田鼠的繁殖力一般在成虫羽化后6 ~ 15 d达到高峰。寿命和繁殖力的增加与花冠开口直径有关。遮荫也能提高小菜蛾的寿命和繁殖力，暴露于小菜蛾幼虫1 min内的产卵行为与小菜蛾的寿命和繁殖力高度相关，综合考虑食物质量指标、白菜地及邻近生境野花多样性和分布的季节性调控、为小菜蛾提供遮荫等因素，可以提高小菜蛾对小菜蛾的防治效果。
The effects of wildflowers on the longevity and fecundity of Dtadegma insulare (Cresson), one of the major parasitoids of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), in North America, were studied in the field. Wildflowers provided nectar sources for D. insulare. Longevity and fecundity of the parasitoid female varied with wildflowre species and the morphological characteristics of the flower. Several Bowers, including Brassica kabsr (D.C.) Wheeler, Barbarea vulgaris R. Br., and Daucus carota L., supplied nectar and resulted in D. insulare longevity and fecundity equal to when honey-water was supplied as food, Others, including Erysimum cheiranthoides L. and Thlaspi arvense L., were not significantly better than no food at all. Chenopodium album L. and Sonchus arvensis L. did not provide available nectar, however, adult parasitoids fed on honeydew excreted by Aphis fabae (Scopli) feeding on the plants. Fecundity of D. insulare generally peaked 6-15 d after adult emergence. An increase in longevity and fecundity was correlated with flower corolla opening diameter. Shading also increased longevity and fecundity of D. insulare, The oviposition behavior within 1 min of exposure to diamondback moth larvae was highly correlated with longevity and fecundity of D. insulare, which we considered indices of food quality, Seasonal manipulation of the diversity and distribution of wildflowers in the cabbage field and adjacent habitats, as well as providing shade for D. insulare, could increase D. insulare effectiveness in management of diamondback moth.