Structure of O-Antigens
Structure of O-Antigens
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-7091-0733-1_3
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Knirel, Yuriy A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knirel, Yuriy A.
内毒素(LPS)是革兰氏阴性菌外膜外叶的主要成分。它的脂蛋白A部分嵌入到膜中，作为内毒素分子其余部分的锚。内毒素最外层的重复多糖区通过一个核心低聚糖(OS)与脂类A相连，被指定为O-专一性多糖(O-PULTICAL，OPS)或O-抗原。O-抗原是脂多糖中变异最大的部分，具有血清学特异性，用于细菌的血清学分型。OPS还保护微生物免受宿主防御，如补体介导的杀伤和吞噬作用，并参与细菌与植物和噬菌体的相互作用。对OPSS的研究从阐明其化学结构和构象到其生物学和物理化学性质，有助于改进革兰氏阴性菌的分类方案。此外，这些研究有助于更好地了解传染病的发病机制，并为开发新型疫苗和诊断试剂提供信息。
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Its lipid A moiety is embedded in the membrane and serves as an anchor for the rest of the LPS molecule. The outermost repetitive glycan region of the LPS is linked to the lipid A through a core oligosaccharide (OS), and is designated as the O-specific polysaccharide (O-polysaccharide, OPS) or O-antigen. The O-antigen is the most variable portion of the LPS and provides serological specificity, which is used for bacterial serotyping. The OPS also provides protection to the microorganisms from host defenses such as complement mediated killing and phagocytosis, and is involved in interactions of bacteria with plants and bacteriophages. Studies of the OPSs ranging from the elucidation of their chemical structures and conformations to their biological and physico-chemical properties help improving classification schemes of Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, these studies contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of infectious diseases, as well as provided information to develop novel vaccines and diagnostic reagents.