Crustal and uppermost mantle structure and seismotectonics of North China Craton

Crustal and uppermost mantle structure and seismotectonics of North China Craton
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华北克拉通地壳、上地幔结构及地震构造

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2012.10.004
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发表时间:
2013-01
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
姚振兴
姚振兴
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
王建;赵大鹏;姚振兴

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我们利用380个地震台记录的16,073次地震的107,976次P波到达时间,确定了中国克拉通北部地壳和上地幔的三维P波各向异性层析成像。我们的结果表明,NCC之下存在显著的横向非均质性。中国盆地北部的下地壳和上地幔具有广泛的低速异常,可能反映了北缘中生代晚期玄武岩岩浆活动所产生的高温物质。横贯北中国造山带下方也存在低速异常,可能反映了晚中生代以来软流圈的隆升。大地震一般发生在上、中地壳的高速带上,而大地震震源区下地壳至最上地幔的低速、高电导率异常,可能代表了充液、破碎的岩石基质。地壳流体可能导致中、上地壳孕震层的弱化,从而引发地壳大地震。NW-SE向P波快速度方向似乎在NCC东部中部最上部的地幔中占优势,这表明这些地幔矿物可能是再生的,但保持了中新生代新岩石圈地幔产生之前形成的原始化石的各向异性。
We determined a 3-D P-wave anisotropic tomography of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath North China Craton (NCC) using 107,976 P-wave arrival times from 16,073 local earthquakes recorded by 380 seismic stations. Our results show significant lateral heterogeneities beneath NCC. The lower crust and uppermost mantle beneath the North China Basin show widespread low-velocity anomalies which may reflect high-temperature materials caused by the late Mesozoic basaltic magmatism in the NCC. Low-velocity anomalies also exist beneath the Trans-North China Orogen, which may reflect asthenospheric upwelling since late Mesozoic. Large crustal earthquakes generally occurred in high-velocity zones in the upper to middle crust, while low-velocity and high-conductivity anomalies that may represent fluid-filled, fractured rock matrices exist in the lower crust to the uppermost mantle under the source zones of the large earthquakes. The crustal fluids may lead to the weakening of the seismogenic layer in the upper and middle crust and hence cause the large crustal earthquakes. The NW–SE P-wave fast velocity directions seem to be dominant in the uppermost mantle under the central parts of eastern NCC, suggesting that these mantle minerals were possibly regenerated but keep the original fossil anisotropy formed before the new lithospheric mantle was produced during the Mesozoic to Cenozoic.
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