The Effects of the Structure of Play Objects on the Pretend Play of Low-Income Preschool Children
The Effects of the Structure of Play Objects on the Pretend Play of Low-Income Preschool Children
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游戏对象结构对低收入学龄前儿童假装游戏的影响
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1983.tb00487.x
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
V. McLoyd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. McLoyd
McLoYD、VONNIE C. 游戏对象的结构对低收入学龄前儿童假装游戏的影响。儿童发展，1983，54，626-635。研究人员以 36 名低收入（主要是非裔美国学龄前儿童）为样本，研究了高结构与低结构物体对假装游戏的各种类型和组成部分的影响。皮亚杰和埃尔科宁的工作得出的相互竞争的假设以及关于低结构和高结构玩具的相对保持力的主张都经过了测试。在 4 个 30 分钟的游戏过程中，观察了 12 个按年龄和性别平均分配的三人组儿童。在其中 2 场会议中，可以使用高结构或复制品（例如茶具、玩偶、卡车）；其余 2 个提供低结构物体（例如管道清洁器、块、盒子）。结果与埃尔科宁对象征游戏发展的分析基本一致。与低结构物体相比，高结构物体显着增加了 312 岁三合会中的非互动假装游戏，但在 5 岁三合会中则没有。高结构物体还引发了更多的联想假装游戏和整体假装游戏。然而，游戏对象的结构并没有显着影响合作装扮游戏。低结构物体的替换更为频繁，而高结构物体则与更多假装主题和拟声词相关。
McLoYD, VONNIE C. The Effects of the Structure of Play Objects on the Pretend Play of LowIncome Preschool Children. CHriLD DEVELOPMENT, 1983, 54, 626-635. The effects of highstructure versus low-structure objects on various types and components of pretend play in a sample of 36 low-income, predominantly Afro-American preschoolers were examined. Competing hypotheses, derived from the work of Piaget and El'Konin, and claims about the relative holding power of low-structure and high-structure toys, were tested. 12 triads of children, equally divided by age and sex, were observed in 4 30-min play sessions. In 2 of the sessions, high-structure or replica objects (e.g., tea sets, dolls, trucks) were available; in the remaining 2, low-structure objects (e.g., pipe cleaners, blocks, boxes) were provided. The results were generally consistent with El'Konin's analysis of symbolic play development. Highstructure objects, compared with low-structure objects, significantly increased noninteractive pretend play in 312-year-old triads, but not in 5-year-old triads. High-structure objects also elicited significantly more associative pretend play and overall pretend play. However, the structure of the play objects did not significantly affect cooperative pretend play. Substitution was more frequent with low-structure objects, while high-structure objects were associated with more pretend themes and onomatopoeia.