Negative/positive home-based caregiving appraisals by informal carers of the elderly in Japan
Negative/positive home-based caregiving appraisals by informal carers of the elderly in Japan
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DOI：
10.1017/s1463423614000309
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Imaiso, Junko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imaiso, Junko
目的：本研究旨在确定与消极/积极的家庭为基础的老年人在日本的非正式照顾者，以考虑哪些家庭照顾者的社区健康nurssshould focuson. Background的评价相关的因素：由于在日本的老年人口不断增加，那些需要高水平的护理已成为非正式照顾者更加依赖。照顾者的健康是照顾的一个重要方面。社区卫生护士在评估照顾者健康方面扮演重要角色，而照顾者评估，即照顾者如何看待他们的照顾工作，可以帮助他们更好地了解照顾者的健康状况。研究方法：本研究以192位在日本农村与都市社区使用居家照护服务的老年人（照护等级> 3）的主要照护者为研究对象。采用日语版的Zarit量表（22项）进行负面评价，采用日语版的积极评价量表（14项）进行积极评价。得分高于中位数的参与者（护理负担，30.0;积极评价，39.0）被归类为具有高护理负担和高积极评价。为了确定与评估相关的因素，进行了多项式回归分析。负/正评价分别设置为因变量，和17个项目有关的照顾者的特点，照顾者的特点，和外部变量设置为自变量。随后进行逐步回归和向后消除。调查结果：在照顾负担方面，与之正相关的因素有：社会压力[比值比（OR）4.25，95%可信区间（CI）1.39-13.04]，照顾义务[OR] 4.25，95%可信区间（CI）1.39-13.04（OR 3.11，95% CI 1.43-6.77），配偶照顾者（OR 2.58，95%CI 1.05-6.35）、儿媳照顾者（OR 3.68，95%CI 1.31-10.34）和抑郁（OR 50.58，95%CI 13.85-184.67）。在正面评价方面，负相关因素为照顾责任（OR 0.29，95%CI 0.15-0.53）、男性照顾者（OR 0.44，95%CI 0.21-0.92）、媳妇照顾者（OR 0.29，95%CI 0.12-0.74）。
Aim: This study aimed to determine factors associated with negative/positive home-based caregiving appraisals by informal carers of older people in Japan to consider which family carers' community health nurses should focus on. Background: Because of the increasing older population in Japan, those needing a high level of care have become more dependent on informal carers. Carers' health is an important aspect of caregiving. Community health nurses play an important role in assessing carers' health, and carer appraisals, that is, how carers perceive their caregiving work, may help them better understand the health state of carers. Methods: This quantitative study examined 192 primary carers of the elderly (care level > 3) who used home-visiting nursing services in both rural and urban Japanese communities. The Japanese version of the Zarit scale (22 items) was used for negative appraisal and a positive caregiving appraisal scale (14 items) for positive appraisal. Participants with above-median scores (care burden, 30.0; positive caregiving appraisal, 39.0) were categorized as having a high care burden and high positive appraisal. To determine factors associated with appraisals, multinomial regression analysis was performed. Negative/positive appraisals were separately set as a dependent variable, and 17 items relating to carer characteristics, care-recipient characteristics, and external variables were set as independent variables. This was followed by stepwise regression and backward elimination. Findings: With respect to care burden, positively associated factors were sekentei or social pressure [odds ratio (OR) 4.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39-13.04], caregiving obligation (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.43-6.77), spouse carer (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.05-6.35), daughter-in-law carer (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.31-10.34), and depression (OR 50.58, 95% CI 13.85-184.67). With respect to positive appraisal, negatively associated factors were caregiving obligation (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.15-0.53), male carer (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.92), and daughter-in-law carer (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.74).