Individual differences in disgust sensitivity: Comparisons and evaluations of paper-and-pencil versus behavioral measures
Individual differences in disgust sensitivity: Comparisons and evaluations of paper-and-pencil versus behavioral measures
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DOI：
10.1006/jrpe.1999.2251
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Ashmore, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rozin, P;Haidt, J;Ashmore, M
68名本科生经历了32个动手的任务，旨在提供一个行为验证的纸和铅笔厌恶量表，学生已经完成了2个月前。任务评估参与者确定的暴露程度（看，捡，触摸，在某些情况下吃）的对象，如蟑螂，骨灰，新鲜杀死的猪头和恶心的视频剪辑（秒观看）。这些任务引发了强烈的负面影响的方式是道德的，而不是很令人不安的参与者，他们可能是有用的，为未来的实验室研究情绪。参与者还经历了不恶心的控制任务，如模仿鸡或将手放在冰水中。任务相关性分析表明，四个因素：食物相关的厌恶，身体侵犯和死亡相关的厌恶，遵守动机，和可接受性。只有mio厌恶因子与纸笔厌恶量表显著相关;两者的结合与实验室评估前几个月获得的厌恶量表评分相关，与评估后立即获得的评分相关。最普遍的是，这些结果提醒人们，人格评估没有金标准。与纸笔测量一样，行为测量需要超越表面有效性，以评估尴尬和顺从动机等因素对有效性的威胁。(C)北京：科学出版社.
Sixty-eight undergraduate students experienced 32 hands-on tasks designed to provide a behavioral validation for the paper-and-pencil Disgust Scale, which the students had completed 2 months before. Tasks assessed participant-determined degree of exposure (looking at, picking up, touching, and in some cases eating) to objects such as a cockroach, cremated ashes, and a freshly killed pig's head and to disgusting video clips (seconds watching). These tasks elicited strong negative affect in a way that was ethical and not very disturbing to participants; they may be useful for future laboratory study of emotion. Participants also experienced nondisgusting control tasks, such as imitating a chicken or holding one's hand in ice-water. Analysis of task intercorrelations indicated four factors: food-related disgust, body-violation-and-death-related disgust, compliance motivation, and embarrassability. Only the mio disgust factors correlated significantly with the paper-and-pencil Disgust Scale; a combination of the two correlated.58 with Disgust Scale scores obtained months before the laboratory assessment and correlated.71 with scores obtained immediately after this assessment. Most generally, these results are a reminder that there is no gold standard for personality assessment. As with paper-and-pencil measures, behavioral measures require getting beyond face validity to assess threats to validity from factors such as embarrassment and compliance motivation. (C) 1999 Academic Press.