The use of hair cortisol for the assessment of stress in animals
The use of hair cortisol for the assessment of stress in animals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.09.016
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Otten, Winfried
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heimbuerge, Susen;Kanitz, Ellen;Otten, Winfried
头发皮质醇浓度（HCC）被认为是较长时间内皮质醇分泌和压力综合的回顾性标志物。其量化越来越多地用于人类心理神经内分泌学研究，也用于动物应激和福利研究。用于评估压力的 HCC 测量为家养和野生动物的使用提供了许多相当大的好处，特别是由于简单且微创的采样程序以及在一个样本中代表较长时间段。本综述旨在概述不同的应用领域，并评估 HCC 作为野生和家养动物下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴慢性应激或长期活动指标的适用性和有效性。介绍了具体的毛发特征，并讨论了使用 HCC 的优点和局限性。概述了压力和健康相关因素对 HCC 的影响以及导致不同物种毛发皮质醇水平变化的多种影响因素的研究结果。提出了使用头发皮质醇分析的建议，并指出了未来研究的潜在领域。研究表明年龄和怀孕对肝癌有影响，并且还发现头发中皮质醇的含量取决于头发颜色、身体部位、性别和季节，但这些结果不太一致。此外，动物实验结果表明，多种压力源和病理条件会改变毛发中的皮质醇浓度，因此 HCC 可以可靠且有效地反映许多物种的长期皮质醇分泌。然而，还需要更多的研究来调查皮质醇融入头发的潜在机制，并探索感兴趣物种的头发生长特征。为了克服混杂影响，强烈建议使用标准化采样方案。
The hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is assumed to be a retrospective marker of integrated cortisol secretion and stress over longer periods of time. Its quantification is increasingly used in psychoneuroendocrinological studies in humans, but also in animal stress and welfare research. The measurement of HCCs for the assessment of stress offers many considerable benefits for use in domesticated and wild animals, especially due to the easy and minimally invasive sampling procedure and the representation of longer time periods in one sample. This review aims to outline the different fields of application and to assess the applicability and validity of HCC as an indicator for chronic stress or long-term activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in wild and domesticated animals. Specific hair characteristics are presented and the advantages and limitations of using HCC are discussed. An overview of findings on the impact of stress- and health-related factors on HCCs and of diverse influencing factors causing variation in hair cortisol levels in different species is given. Recommendations for the use of hair cortisol analysis are proposed and potential fields of future research are pointed out. The studies indicate an effect of age and pregnancy on HCCs, and cortisol incorporation into hair was also found to depend on hair colour, body region, sex and season of year, but these results are less consistent. Furthermore, the results in animals show that a wide array of stressors and pathological conditions alters the cortisol concentrations in hair and that HCC thereby provides a reliable and valid reflection of long-term cortisol secretion in many species. However, more research is necessary to investigate the underlying mechanisms of cortisol incorporation into the hair and to explore the hair growth characteristics in the species of interest. To overcome confounding influences, the use of standardized sampling protocols is strongly advised.