Visual preference for social stimuli in individuals with autism or neurodevelopmental disorders: an eye-tracking study.
Visual preference for social stimuli in individuals with autism or neurodevelopmental disorders: an eye-tracking study.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13229-016-0084-x
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
McCleery JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crawford H;Moss J;Oliver C;Elliott N;Anderson GM;McCleery JP
最近的研究发现，自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)患者对相互竞争的社交和非社交视频刺激的相对注意力存在差异。注意分配是否受到潜在刺激威胁的影响还有待研究。在目前的研究中，这是通过刺激向观众移动或越过观众的程度来操纵的。此外，对于其他神经发育障碍是否存在这样的差异，我们知之甚少。这项研究旨在确定与非自闭症患者相比，患有自闭症的青少年在对相互竞争的社交和非社交视频刺激对的注意分配上是否存在差异，其中演员或物体向观众移动或越过观看者，并确定具有与不同社会表型相关的三种遗传综合征的个体对相同刺激的注意分配是否存在差异。在研究1中，患有自闭症的青少年和对照组参与者被呈现两种形式的社交和非社交视频刺激(靠近或越过观看者)，同时记录他们的眼球运动。这一范式随后被用于患有脆性X综合征、科妮莉亚·德兰格综合症和鲁宾斯坦-塔比综合征的一组个体，他们在时间顺序年龄、全球适应行为和言语适应行为上相互匹配(研究2)。患有自闭症的青少年只有在刺激向他们移动时，才表现出看社交视频的时间比看非社交视频的时间少。三个遗传综合征组的个体对社会刺激的注视时间相似，但注视潜伏期不同。在这两项研究中，我们观察到了组内和组间对社会刺激的注意力的差异，这些刺激是朝着观众的方向移动的，而不是向观众移动的。综上所述，这些结果提供了强有力的证据，表明在具有临床相关的、遗传介导的社会行为表型差异的人群中，对相互竞争的社交和非社交视频刺激的视觉注意存在差异。
Recent research has identified differences in relative attention to competing social versus non-social video stimuli in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whether attentional allocation is influenced by the potential threat of stimuli has yet to be investigated. This is manipulated in the current study by the extent to which the stimuli are moving towards or moving past the viewer. Furthermore, little is known about whether such differences exist across other neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aims to determine if adolescents with ASD demonstrate differences in attentional allocation to competing pairs of social and non-social video stimuli, where the actor or object either moves towards or moves past the viewer, in comparison to individuals without ASD, and to determine if individuals with three genetic syndromes associated with differing social phenotypes demonstrate differences in attentional allocation to the same stimuli. In study 1, adolescents with ASD and control participants were presented with social and non-social video stimuli in two formats (moving towards or moving past the viewer) whilst their eye movements were recorded. This paradigm was then employed with groups of individuals with fragile X, Cornelia de Lange, and Rubinstein-Taybi syndromes who were matched with one another on chronological age, global adaptive behaviour, and verbal adaptive behaviour (study 2). Adolescents with ASD demonstrated reduced looking-time to social versus non-social videos only when stimuli were moving towards them. Individuals in the three genetic syndrome groups showed similar looking-time but differences in fixation latency for social stimuli moving towards them. Across both studies, we observed within- and between-group differences in attention to social stimuli that were moving towards versus moving past the viewer. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence to suggest differential visual attention to competing social versus non-social video stimuli in populations with clinically relevant, genetically mediated differences in socio-behavioural phenotypes.