Visual vertigo: Vertigo of oculomotor origin
Visual vertigo: Vertigo of oculomotor origin
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.025
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Chin, Seong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chin, Seong
自从罗伯特·萨蒂尼提出前庭眼反射假说以来，眩晕引起的头晕一直被解释为前庭性。然而，有许多相互矛盾的研究结果表明VOR的调制，这导致了VOR的作用和准确性的混乱。此外，当内耳结构先天缺失时，VOR似乎会产生影响。许多人报告眩晕症状时，他们暴露在视觉挑战的情况。这些人与视觉诱发眩晕通常被发现只有轻度异常的甲状腺功能的结果。包括人类在内的动物通过双目视觉获得准确的视觉信息对于生存至关重要。了解视觉信息是如何平衡使用的，可以帮助我们对眩晕的机制应用不同的方法。本文将回顾如何通过复杂的眼神经系统和眼外肌（EOM）的本体感觉，准确的双目观看是可能的精确图像。眼外肌的本体感觉似乎影响身体的运动传出。观看期间的眼动活动不仅对学习很重要，而且对执行全身运动反应也很重要。眼神经传入的错误将引起对错误信号的反应。这可能会影响运动期间的适当平衡。特别是，常见的眼科原因（包括在当今生活方式中常见的眼外肌疲劳）可能导致许多眩晕状况。
Since Robert Satiny proposed his hypothesis on vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), dizziness associated with vertigo has been interpreted as being vestibular in origin. However, there have been many contradictory findings showing modulations of VOR, which have caused confusion as to VOR's role and accuracy. Further, there seems to be an influence of VOR when the anatomical inner ear structures are congenitally absent. Many people report vertiginous symptoms when they are exposed to visually challenging situations. These people with visually induced vertigo are usually found to have only mildly abnormal labyrinthine findings. Accurate visual information via binocular vision in animals, including humans, is important for the survival. Understanding how visual information is used in balance can help us to apply a different approach to the mechanism of vertigo. This article will review how accurate binocular viewing is possible for precise images through a complex oculomotor system and the proprioceptive senses of the external ocular muscles (EOMs). The proprioceptive senses from EOMs appear to affect motor efferents of the body. Oculomotor activities during viewing are important not just for learning but also for executing whole body motor responses. An error in the oculomotor afferents will cause a reaction to the error signal. This can be troubling for proper balancing during movement. Especially, common oculomotor causes (including fatigue of EOMs which is common in today's lifestyle) can contribute to many vertiginous conditions.