Expression of heat shock protein and hemoglobin genes in Chironomus tentans (Diptera, chironomidae) larvae exposed to various environmental pollutants:: A potential biomarker of freshwater monitoring
Expression of heat shock protein and hemoglobin genes in Chironomus tentans (Diptera, chironomidae) larvae exposed to various environmental pollutants:: A potential biomarker of freshwater monitoring
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.02.042
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Choi, Jinhee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Soon-Mi;Lee, Se-Bum;Choi, Jinhee
为了确定一个敏感的淡水监测生物标志物，我们研究了污染物诱导的水生摇蚊幼虫热休克蛋白(HSPs)和血红蛋白(HBS)基因的表达。作为污染物，我们检测了壬基酚、双酚A、17α-乙炔基雌二醇、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、硫丹、百草枯、毒死磷、杀虫硫磷、氯化镉、硝酸铅、重铬酸钾、苯并[a]芘和四氯化碳。我们还通过测量化学物质暴露后身体鲜重和干重的变化来研究幼虫的生长作为生理描述符。化学暴露对HSPs基因表达的反应迅速，对低浓度的化学物质敏感，但不是应激源特异性的。有趣的是，HSPs基因的表达不仅在应激诱导形式(HSP70)中观察到，而且在结构性表达形式(HSC70)中也观察到。Hb基因的表达表现出化学特异性的反应：即烷基酚类化合物增加了血红蛋白基因的表达，而杀虫剂则降低了这种表达。正如预期的那样，分子水平的标记比生理终点更敏感，这表明基因表达可以作为这种动物的早期预警生物标记。总体而言，HSP和Hb基因在摇蚊体内的表达可为诊断淡水生态系统的一般健康状况提供有用的信息。尤其是Hb基因的表达，尤其是考虑到摇蚊幼虫作为生物监测物种的潜力及其呼吸色素的生理特殊性，似乎是一个很有前途的生物标志物。(C)2006爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
To identify a sensitive biomarker of freshwater monitoring, we evaluated pollutant-induced expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and hemoglobins (Hbs) genes in the larvae of the aquatic midge Chironomus tentans (Diptera, Chironomidae). As pollutants, we examined nonylphenol, bisphenol-A, 17 alpha-ethynyl estradiol, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, endosulfan, paraquat dichloride, chloropyriphos, fenitrothion, cadmium chloride, lead nitrate, potassium dichromate, benzo[a]pyrene and carbon tetrachloride. We also investigated larval growth as a physiological descriptor by measuring changes in the body fresh weight and dry weight after chemical exposure. The response of the HSPs gene expression by chemical exposure was rapid and sensitive to low chemical concentrations but it was not stressor specific. Interestingly, an increase in the expression of HSPs genes was observed not only in a stress inducible form (HSP70), but also in a constitutively (HSC70) expressed form. The expression of Hb genes showed chemical-specific responses: that is, alkyl phenolic compounds increased the expression of hemoglobin genes, whereas pesticides decreased the expression. As expected, molecular-level markers were more sensitive than physiological endpoints, suggesting that gene expression could be developed as an early warning biomarker in this animal. The overall results suggest that the expression of HSP and Hb genes in Chironomus could give useful information for diagnosing general health conditions in fresh water ecosystem. The expression of Hb genes, in particular, seems to be a promising biomarker, especially in view of the potential of Chironomus larvae as a biomonitoring species and of the physiological particularities of their respiratory pigments. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.