LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION IN PRIMATES
LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION IN PRIMATES
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00395.x
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
CLUTTONBROCK, TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HARVEY, PH;CLUTTONBROCK, TH
灵长类物种的生活史模式存在广泛的差异。变量包括妊娠期长度，新生儿体重，窝仔数，断奶年龄，性成熟年龄，第一次繁殖年龄，寿命和发情周期的长度。属内的物种和亚科内的属在大多数测量上倾向于非常相似;以该亚家族为水平进行统计学分析时，85%的变异仍然存在。大多数生活史测量的变化与身体大小的变化高度相关，身体大小的差异与行为和生态的差异有关。异速生长的生活史变量和成年体重之间的关系进行了描述，从最佳拟合线的亚科偏差不揭示与行为或生态的强相关性。然而，对于它们的身体大小，一些亚科在整个生活史阶段表现出一致的快速发展;其他的则是典型的缓慢。相对值呈正相关趋势的一个例外是大脑发育：出生时大脑相对较大的灵长类动物出生后大脑发育相对较少。人类是一个明显的例外，出生时大脑较大，出生后大脑发育较快。
Extensive variation in life-history patterns is documented across primate species. Variables included are gestation length, neonatal weight, litter size, age at weaning, age at sexual maturity, age at 1st breeding, longevity and length of the estrous cycle. Species within genera and genera within subfamilies tend to be very similar on most measures; .apprx. 85% of the variation remains when the subfamily is used as the level for statistical analysis. Variation in most life-history measures is highly correlated with variation in body size, and differences in body size are associated with differences in behavior and ecology. Allometric relationships between life-history variables and adult body weight are described; subfamily deviations from best-fit lines do not reveal strong correlations with behavior or ecology. However, for their body size, some subfamilies show consistently fast development across life-history stages; others are characteristically slow. One exception to the tendency for relative values to be positively correlated is brain growth: those primates with relatively large brains at birth have relatively less postnatal brain growth. Humans are a notable exception, with large brains at birth and high postnatal brain growth.