Typhoon-induced ocean responses off the southwest coast of Taiwan
Typhoon-induced ocean responses off the southwest coast of Taiwan
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DOI：
10.1007/s10236-014-0776-8
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Y. Kuo;Ming-An Lee;C. Chern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Kuo;Ming-An Lee;C. Chern
台风会导致海面大幅降温（通常为2-4 °C），通常偏向风暴路径的右侧。在台湾海峡南部复杂水深的影响下，利用卫星和系泊观测资料，识别了两种类型的海表温度（SST）响应，即变冷和变暖，每种响应与不同类型的台风路径相关。当台风向西（或西北）移动并通过TS（路径A）时，TS的SST冷却偏向风暴路径的左侧。数值模拟结果显示，在路径A，强风应力加速了台湾浅滩以东的水流，并因地形的影响而使底层水流抬升。此外，风应力和风应力旋度都增强了吕宋环流。台风过后，TS南部强冷却附近的平均环流发生了变化，使更多的南海表层水分布到黑潮区域。当台风向西（或西北）移动并经过TS南部时，TS南部（路径B）的SST增暖被诱导。模拟结果表明，当台风经过TS南部时，台风引起的水平辐散流向北移动，在那里它遇到了TS较浅的陆架，该陆架被限制在水中，导致输送到该地区的暖水积聚并发生下降流。这可以被视为重新分配大陆架区域的热含量。台风过后，由于下沉流的作用，混合层增厚，阻止了近惯性波的形成，降低了垂直混合。
Typhoons can cause substantial sea surface cooling (typically 2–4 °C), which is usually biased to the right side of the storm track. Under influence of the complex bathymetry of the southern Taiwan Strait (TS), two types of sea surface temperature (SST) response, cooling and warming, each associated with a different type of typhoon track were identified using satellite and mooring observations. When a typhoon moved westward (or northwestward) and passed through the TS (track A), the SST cooling in the TS was biased toward the left of the storm track. Numerical model results indicated that in track A, strong wind stress accelerates the flow east of the Taiwan Banks and drove the bottom flow to uplift due to the topography. Moreover, both wind stress and wind stress curl enhanced the Luzon loop. After the typhoon passed, the mean circulation was modified around strong cooling in the southern TS, causing more South China Sea surface water to be distributed to the Kuroshio region. However, when a typhoon moved westward (or northwestward) and passed south of the TS, SST warming was induced in the southern TS (track B). The model results indicated that when the typhoon passed to the south of the TS, the typhoon-induced horizontal divergent flow travelled to the north, where it encountered the shallower shelf of the TS that was confined to the water, causing warm water transported into this area to accumulate and downwelling to occur. This can be regarded as redistributing the heat content in the shelf area. After the typhoon, the thickened mixed layer resulting from downwelling prevented the formation of near-inertial waves and reduced the vertical mixing.