Demonstration of high power, direct conversion of waste-derived carbon in a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell
Demonstration of high power, direct conversion of waste-derived carbon in a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell
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DOI：
10.1039/c2ee03510c
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Irvine, John T. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Cairong;Ma, Jianjun;Irvine, John T. S.
直接碳燃料电池提供了将废物、生物质或煤炭中的碳转化为电能的高效方法，产生的废气流非常适合二氧化碳的封存，因此可以支撑一种新的清洁碳经济。如果这项技术要为改善迫在眉睫的全球能源危机做出重大贡献，首先必须解决三个方面：与现有燃料电池技术的竞争性能，开发实用的系统来处理可用的碳资源，以及证明足够的耐用性，即系统的最低40000小时。在本研究中，我们展示了基于钇稳定氧化锆电解质的混合直接碳燃料电池的优异性能，可以直接使用固体碳作为燃料。在燃料电池测试期间和之后以及还原条件下的腐蚀测试中，观察到氧化锆具有良好的稳定性；然而，在氧化条件下观察到明显的晶粒间侵蚀。所选择的碳燃料是一种废弃产品，中密度纤维板，广泛使用，难以回收。电池在750℃下表现出优异的电化学性能，在流动空气下，掺杂镧锶锰（LSM）阴极的最大功率密度为390 mW cm(-2)，掺杂镧锶钴（LSC）阴极的最大功率密度为878 mW cm（-2）。这与目前的商用固体氧化物燃料电池相当，明显超过商用熔融碳酸盐燃料电池（MCFC）的性能。因此，这种混合直接碳燃料电池提供了煤炭、废物和可再生碳源的清洁利用，因此值得作为一种现实的替代技术发展。
Direct carbon fuel cells offer highly efficient means of converting carbon from waste, biomass or coal to electricity producing an exhaust stream that is well-suited to CO2 sequestration and, hence could underpin a new, clean carbon economy. If this technology is to contribute significantly to improving our impending global energy crisis, three aspects must first be addressed: competitive performance with extant fuel cell technologies, development of practical systems to handle available carbon resources and demonstration of sufficient durability, i.e. 40 000 hours minimum for system. In the present study, we demonstrate excellent performance from a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell based upon an yttrium-stabilised zirconia electrolyte to use solid carbons as fuels directly. Good stability of the zirconia is observed during and after fuel cell testing and in corrosion tests under reducing conditions; however, significant intergrain erosion is observed under oxidising conditions. The carbon fuel chosen is a waste product, Medium Density Fibreboard, which is widely available and difficult to recycle. Cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance at 750 degrees C, with a maximum power density of 390 mW cm(-2) using a lanthanum doped strontium manganite (LSM) cathode and 878 mW cm(-2) using a lanthanum doped strontium cobalt (LSC) cathode under flowing air. This is comparable with current commercial Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and significantly in excess of commercial Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) performance. This hybrid direct carbon fuel cell therefore offers the clean utilisation of coal, waste and renewable carbon sources and hence merits development as a realistic alternative technology.