Synchrotron Radiation and Crystallography: the First 50 Years
Synchrotron Radiation and Crystallography: the First 50 Years
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同步辐射和晶体学：第一个 50 年
DOI：
10.1107/s0108767398006692
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Helliwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Helliwell
同步辐射(SR)在大约50年前首次在实验室中被发现。随着同步加速器和必要的机器能量的出现，用于X射线结晶学的SR的特性得到了承认和利用。随着高能物理实验室如Frascati、汉堡的DESY、斯坦福大学的SPEAR和达累斯伯里的NINA等高能物理实验室的SR研究领域的成熟，SR源的特性和操作越来越适合SR应用。特别是在过去的二十年里，SR光源、光束线光学器件和探测器在规格和性能上都有了很大的改进，方法也得到了发展。SR在结晶学和相关技术中的广泛应用已被激发。物理、化学、生物化学、生物学和医学领域的许多科学研究都以不同的方式利用SR。在世界范围内，现在有许多专门的SR设备，对于那些发射到电磁光谱的X射线区域的设备来说，结晶学是主要的用户。激动人心的新科学机遇正在向我们招手。
Synchrotron radiation (SR) was first seen in the laboratory some 50 years ago. The properties of SR for X-ray crystallography became recognized and harnessed as synchrotrons with the requisite machine energies became available. SR source characteristics and operation have increasingly become tailored to SR applications as the field of SR research has matured from its beginnings in high-energy physics laboratories such as Frascati, DESY in Hamburg, SPEAR in Stanford and NINA in Daresbury. SR sources, beamline optics and detectors have considerably improved in specification and performance especially over the last two decades and methods have also evolved. A diverse range of applications of SR in crystallography, and cognate techniques, has been stimulated. Much scientific research in physics, chemistry, biochemistry, biology and medicine utilizes SR in diverse ways. World-wide there are now many dedicated facilities for SR and, for those emitting into the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, crystallography is a major user. Exciting new scientific opportunities now beckon.