Electoral formulas: A macroscopic perspective
Electoral formulas: A macroscopic perspective
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选举公式：宏观视角
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Massicotte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Blais;L. Massicotte
该文件对 166 个主权国家（无论是否民主）现行的立法选举方案提供了宏观视角。目的是确定哪些公式最普遍，以及公式的流行是否与地理、历史、经济和政治因素相关。虽然多元化和公共关系制度同样常见，但前者往往出现在人口较多的国家。公共关系在欧洲和南美洲以及最民主的国家中盛行，而多数制则在亚洲、非洲和北美更为典型，并且在前英国殖民地中尤其流行。大国更有可能选择单一成员区。经济发展水平或法国殖民背景与任何选举方案之间不存在显着相关性。研究表明，选举制度的选择不仅是政党利益的结果，而且还受到善良、公正或效率观念的强烈影响。
The paper offers a macroscopic view of the legislative electoral formulas in force in 166 sovereign countries, whether democratic or not. The purpose is to determine which formulas are the most widespread, and whether the prevalence of a formula is correlated with geographical, historical, economic, and political factors. While plurality and PR systems are equally frequent, the former tend to be found in more populated countries. PR prevails in Europe and South America, and among the most democratic countries, while the plurality rule is more typical of Asia, Africa, and North America, and is especially popular among former British colonies. Large countries are more likely to opt for single-member districts. No significant correlation emerges between the level of economic development or French colonial background and any electoral formula. The study suggests that the selection of an electoral system is not merely the outcome of party interest, but is also strongly influenced by ideas about what is good, just, or efficient.