EXPERIMENT IN PHYSICS
EXPERIMENT IN PHYSICS
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物理实验
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Slobodan Perović
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Franklin;Slobodan Perović
用全内反射法（TIR）测定高浓度NaCl和甘油溶液的折射率（14点）在开始本实验之前，请阅读单独信封中的一般说明。溶液的折射率对浓度的依赖性简介：基本原理：当一束光入射到一个表面上时，会发生反射和折射。当表面不平整（粗糙）时，这些现象会导致光向各个方向散射。如果表面是透明介质的表面，则大部分光被透射（折射），一小部分光被反射。如果表面是不透明和抛光的（像金属表面），所有的光都被反射。 在这个实验中，绿色激光被均匀地照射到一个容器内的水中。使用的容器具有垂直壁。激光束首先遇到光滑的顶部水面，然后从容器的粗糙底部表面散射，同时在底部表面上产生明亮的绿色斑点。这些散射的光从各个方向返回水中。这种光再次遇到水的顶部光滑表面，并经历反射，折射和另一种称为全内反射的现象（见图1）。 以大于临界角的角度到达水的顶部表面的散射光线被全内反射，这导致包围黑暗区域的明亮环。
Determination of Refractive Index of Highly Concentrated Solutions of NaCl and Glycerin using Total Internal Reflection (TIR) (14 points) Please read the general instructions in the separate envelope before you start this experiment. Dependence of Refractive Index of a Solution on Concentration Introduction: Basic Principle: When a beam of light is incident on a surface, reflection and refraction take place. When the surface is uneven (rough), these phenomena result in scattering light in all directions. If the surface is that of a transparent medium, then most of the light is transmitted (refracted) and a small portion of it is reflected. If the surface is opaque and polished (like a metallic surface), all the light is reflected. In this experiment, the green laser light is shonenormally into thewater inside a container. The container used has vertical walls. The laser beam first meets the smooth top water surface then it gets scattered from the rough bottom surface of container while producing a bright green spot on the bottom surface. This scattered light travels back into the water in all directions. This light again meets the top smooth surface of water and undergoes reflection, refraction and another phenomenon called total internal reflection (see Figure 1). The scattered rays that reach the top surface of the water at an angle greater than the critical angle, get totally internally reflected which results in a bright ring enclosing a dark region.