GNSS vulnerabilities and vehicle applications
GNSS vulnerabilities and vehicle applications
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DOI：
10.1109/wpnc.2016.7822853
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hiro Onishi;Kazuo Yoshida;Takeshi Kato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hiro Onishi;Kazuo Yoshida;Takeshi Kato
车辆自动化的发展要求车辆定位具有更高的精度、更短的时延和更高的时间分辨率，此外，许多与车辆相关的安全应用，如碰撞预警和车与车之间的通信，都需要对单个车辆的数据进行更准确的时间戳。因此，以全球定位系统(GPS)为代表的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)目前应用于非安全车辆应用，必须以更短的时延和更高的时间分辨率来检测更准确的位置。然而，地面GNSS接收信号的低信号强度和广泛公开的GNSS信号格式带来了信号干扰和定位/时钟欺骗的脆弱性。在这份报告中，首先，我们检查了对可能使用GNSS的每个车辆应用程序的位置检测的准确性、延迟和时间分辨率要求。然后我们讨论GNSS漏洞可能如何损害车辆应用程序。最后，我们总结了针对这些GNSS漏洞的各种技术对策和政府/行业倡议。
The progress of vehicle-automation requires vehicle location with higher accuracy, shorter time-delay, and higher time-resolution, furthermore, many safety connected-vehicle applications, for example, crash-warning with vehicle-to-vehicle communication require more accurate time-stamps on the data from individual vehicles. Therefore, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) typified by GPS (Global Positioning System) which is currently applied to non-safety vehicle applications, has to detect more accurate location with shorter time-delay and higher time-resolution. However, the low signal strength of GNSS reception-signals on the earth and the widely disclosed GNSS signal format bring vulnerabilities of signal jamming and location/clock spoofing. In this report, first, we examine accuracy, latency, and time-resolution requirements of location-detection on each vehicle application which (may) use GNSS. Then we discuss how GNSS vulnerabilities may harm vehicle applications. Finally, we conclude this report with various technical countermeasures and government/industry initiatives against these GNSS vulnerabilities.