Avian Influenza H7N9/13 and H7N7/13: a Comparative Virulence Study in Chickens, Pigeons, and Ferrets
Avian Influenza H7N9/13 and H7N7/13: a Comparative Virulence Study in Chickens, Pigeons, and Ferrets
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01241-14
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Beer, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kalthoff, Donata;Bogs, Jessica;Beer, Martin
中国发生的一种新型禽流感H7N9病毒引起的人类流感病例强调了该亚型的人畜共患病潜力。我们在鸡、鸽子和雪貂身上比较了新的H7N9病毒与最近的欧洲禽流感H7N7毒株的传染性和致病性。这两种病毒都没有引起疾病迹象，尽管在接种的鸡中大量复制，并迅速传播给接触过的鸡。还检测到这两种病毒在鸽子中复制的证据，尽管RNA排泄水平较低。在禽类宿主的复制和抗体发展方面，两个H7分离株之间没有明显的差异。相比之下，在雪貂中，观察到禽流感H7N9病毒的复制比H7N7毒株的复制更多，但病毒存在显著差异，例如，在鼻水、肺和小脑样本中。重要的是，这两种病毒都有可能传播到哺乳动物的大脑。我们的结论是，如在鸡身上所显示的那样，有效的无症状病毒复制和脱落有助于H7病毒的传播，这些病毒可能具有人畜共患病的潜力。必须采取生物安全措施来处理感染H7亚型禽流感病毒的家禽，而与其对鸡类家禽的致病性无关。
Human influenza cases caused by a novel avian H7N9 virus in China emphasize the zoonotic potential of that subtype. We compared the infectivity and pathogenicity of the novel H7N9 virus with those of a recent European avian H7N7 strain in chickens, pigeons, and ferrets. Neither virus induced signs of disease despite substantial replication in inoculated chickens and rapid transmission to contact chickens. Evidence of the replication of both viruses in pigeons, albeit at lower levels of RNA excretion, was also detected. No clear-cut differences between the two H7 isolates emerged regarding replication and antibody development in avian hosts. In ferrets, in contrast, greater replication of the avian H7N9 virus than of the H7N7 strain was observed with significant differences in viral presence, e.g., in nasal wash, lung, and cerebellum samples. Importantly, both viruses showed the potential to spread to the mammal brain. We conclude that efficient asymptomatic viral replication and shedding, as shown in chickens, facilitate the spread of H7 viruses that may harbor zoonotic potential. Biosafety measures are required for the handling of poultry infected with avian influenza viruses of the H7 subtype, independently of their pathogenicity for gallinaceous poultry.