Detection and attribution of wildfire pollution in the Arctic and northern midlatitudes using a network of Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers and GEOS-Chem
Detection and attribution of wildfire pollution in the Arctic and northern midlatitudes using a network of Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers and GEOS-Chem
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-20-12813-2020
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
E. Lutsch;K. Strong;Dylan B. A. Jones;T. Blumenstock;S. Conway;J. Fisher;J. Hannigan;F. Hase;Y. Kasai;E. Mahieu;M. Makarova;I. Morino;T. Nagahama;J. Notholt;I. Ortega;M. Palm;A. Poberovskii;R. Sussmann;T. Warneke
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Lutsch;K. Strong;Dylan B. A. Jones;T. Blumenstock;S. Conway;J. Fisher;J. Hannigan;F. Hase;Y. Kasai;E. Mahieu;M. Makarova;I. Morino;T. Nagahama;J. Notholt;I. Ortega;M. Palm;A. Poberovskii;R. Sussmann;T. Warneke
抽象的。我们用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪在大气组成变化探测网络(NDACC)的10个站点测量了一氧化碳(CO)、氰化氢(HCN)和乙烷(C2H6)的柱子丰度的多年时间序列。六个是高纬度站点：尤里卡、纽约-奥勒苏德、图勒、基鲁纳、扑克平地和圣彼得堡，四个是中纬度站点：祖格斯皮策、少年弗劳约克、多伦多和里库贝苏。对于每个站点，CO时间序列的年际趋势和季节变化被考虑在内，从而可以确定背景柱量。增强的季节性背景被用来确定可能的野火污染事件。由于野火事件中释放的每一种示踪气体的丰度特定于被烧毁的植被类型和燃烧阶段，CO与长期存在的野火示踪剂HCN和C2H6的相关性允许进一步证实野火污染的检测。利用全球火灾同化系统(GFASv1.2)的GEOS-Chem标记CO模拟来确定2003-2018年每个站点CO浓度的来源归属。对于每个检测到的野火污染事件，FLEXPART进行了反向轨迹模拟，以确定烟羽的传输时间。考虑到每种物质在运输过程中的损失，将HCN和C2H6相对于CO的增强比转换为排放比。我们报告了从23个北美北部野火事件中确定的关于HCN和C2H6的CO的平均排放比分别为0.0047和0.0092，标准偏差分别为0.0014和0.0046。同样，我们报告了从39个亚洲北部野火事件中确定的HCN和C2H6的平均排放比分别为0.0049和0.0100，标准偏差分别为0.0025和0.0042。我们的排放比与文献值的一致性说明了地面FTIR测量量化生物质燃烧排放的能力。我们提供了一个全面的数据集，量化了62起野火污染事件的HCN和C2H6排放比率。我们的数据集提供了新的排放比估计，这些估计在已出版的文献中很少得到，特别是对于北方亚洲的来源。
Abstract. We present a multiyear time series of column abundances of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and ethane (C2H6) measured using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers at 10 sites affiliated with the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). Six are high-latitude sites: Eureka, Ny-Ålesund, Thule, Kiruna, Poker Flat, and St. Petersburg, and four are midlatitude sites: Zugspitze, Jungfraujoch, Toronto, and Rikubetsu. For each site, the interannual trends and seasonal variabilities of the CO time series are accounted for, allowing background column amounts to be determined. Enhancements above the seasonal background were used to identify possible wildfire pollution events. Since the abundance of each trace gas emitted in a wildfire event is specific to the type of vegetation burned and the burning phase, correlations of CO to the long-lived wildfire tracers HCN and C2H6 allow for further confirmation of the detection of wildfire pollution. A GEOS-Chem tagged CO simulation with Global Fire Assimilation System (GFASv1.2) biomass burning emissions was used to determine the source attribution of CO concentrations at each site from 2003 to 2018. For each detected wildfire pollution event, FLEXPART back-trajectory simulations were performed to determine the transport times of the smoke plume. Accounting for the loss of each species during transport, the enhancement ratios of HCN and C2H6 with respect to CO were converted to emission ratios. We report mean emission ratios with respect to CO for HCN and C2H6 of 0.0047 and 0.0092, respectively, with a standard deviation of 0.0014 and 0.0046, respectively, determined from 23 boreal North American wildfire events. Similarly, we report mean emission ratios for HCN and C2H6 of 0.0049 and 0.0100, respectively, with a standard deviation of 0.0025 and 0.0042, respectively, determined from 39 boreal Asian wildfire events. The agreement of our emission ratios with literature values illustrates the capability of ground-based FTIR measurements to quantify biomass burning emissions. We provide a comprehensive dataset that quantifies HCN and C2H6 emission ratios from 62 wildfire pollution events. Our dataset provides novel emission ratio estimates, which are sparsely available in the published literature, particularly for boreal Asian sources.