Randomness in retrospect: Exploring the interactions between memory and randomness cognition
Randomness in retrospect: Exploring the interactions between memory and randomness cognition
复制标题
回顾随机性：探索记忆与随机性认知之间的相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Daniel M. Oppenheimer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christopher Y. Olivola;Daniel M. Oppenheimer
人们倾向于认为，随机事件序列产生的条纹比实际情况更少、更短。尽管这一错误已经被反复地以多种形式证明，但几乎所有关于随机性认知的研究都集中在人们如何看待现在或未来发生的随机事件。这篇文章考察了我们对随机性的偏见信念如何与记忆的特性相互作用，以影响我们对过去随机事件的判断和记忆。我们通过考察关于随机性的信念如何影响我们对随机事件的记忆，以及记忆的某些属性如何改变我们将事件归类为随机事件的倾向来探索这种相互作用。通过三个实验，我们证明了随机性认知与记忆的三个公认但不同的性质之间的交互作用：(1)记忆的重建性质，(2)优先和最近效应，(3)持续忽视。文中还讨论了理论和实践意义。
People tend to believe that sequences of random events produce fewer and shorter streaks than is actually the case. Although this error has been demonstrated repeatedly and in many forms, nearly all studies of randomness cognition have focused on how people think about random events occurring in the present or future. This article examines how our biased beliefs about randomness interact with properties of memory to influence our judgments about and memory for past random events. We explore this interaction by examining how beliefs about randomness affect our memory for random events and how certain properties of memory alter our tendency to categorize events as random. Across three experiments, we demonstrate an interaction between randomness cognition and three well-established but distinct properties of memory: (1) the reconstructive nature of memory, (2) primacy and recency effects, and (3) duration neglect. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.