A behavioral economic analysis of the value-enhancing effects of nicotine and varenicline and the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in male and female rats
A behavioral economic analysis of the value-enhancing effects of nicotine and varenicline and the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in male and female rats
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DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0000000000000404
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Bevins, Rick A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrett, Scott T.;Geary, Trevor N.;Bevins, Rick A.
尼古丁对非尼古丁奖励的强化价值增强被认为是部分激励吸烟行为的因素。最近，我们发现，尼古丁的增值效应很好地表征了吸烟者的需求模型，戒烟辅助剂安非他酮（Zyban）的增值效应与尼古丁的增值效应不同，并且在性别之间存在差异。本研究使用一种尼古丁需求方法评估了尼古丁和伐尼克兰（Chantix）增强效应的潜在性别差异。还评估了42* 和7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）在烟碱和伐尼克兰的增强作用中的作用。雄性和雌性大鼠（n=12/性别）接受训练，通过视觉刺激（VS）呈现的感觉强化维持杠杆按压。使用既定的尼古丁需求方法评估尼古丁和伐尼克兰给药后VS值的变化。随后，使用累进比率时间表评估42* 和7 nAChR对伐尼克兰和尼古丁诱导的增强主动加压的拮抗作用。尼古丁和伐尼克兰增强VS需求的评估，两性之间的平等。然而，42* 受体拮抗作用减弱了尼古丁和伐尼克兰在雌性中的值增强，但仅减弱了尼古丁在雄性中的值增强。
Reinforcement value enhancement by nicotine of non-nicotine rewards is believed to partially motivate smoking behavior. Recently, we showed that the value-enhancing effects of nicotine are well characterized by reinforcer demand models and that the value-enhancing effects of the smoking-cessation aid bupropion (Zyban) are distinct from those of nicotine and differ between the sexes. The present study evaluated potential sex differences in the enhancement effects of nicotine and varenicline (Chantix) using a reinforcer demand methodology. The role of 42* and 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the enhancing effects of nicotine and varenicline is also evaluated. Male and female rats (n=12/sex) were trained to lever press maintained by sensory reinforcement by visual stimulus (VS) presentations. Changes in the VS value following nicotine and varenicline administration were assessed using an established reinforcer demand approach. Subsequently, the effects of antagonism of 42* and 7 nAChRs on varenicline and nicotine-induced enhancement active lever-pressing were assessed using a progressive ratio schedule. Nicotine and varenicline enhanced VS demand equivalently between the sexes as evaluated by reinforcer demand. However, 42* receptor antagonism attenuated value enhancement by nicotine and varenicline in females, but only of nicotine in males.