Physically active vs. inactive lifestyle, muscle properties, and glucose homeostasis in middle-aged and older twins
Physically active vs. inactive lifestyle, muscle properties, and glucose homeostasis in middle-aged and older twins
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DOI：
10.1007/s11357-012-9486-7
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kujala, U. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leskinen, T.;Sipila, S.;Kujala, U. M.
运动引起的骨骼肌特性和新陈代谢的积极变化可降低残疾、心脏代谢疾病和死亡的风险。在这里，我们研究了双胞胎在非运动阶段的肌肉特性和葡萄糖稳态，其中双胞胎在成年后至少 32 年的身体活动习惯不一致。从 16 对同性（7 对同卵双胞胎，9 对异卵双胞胎）中年和老年双胞胎中采集等距膝关节伸展力、大腿中部组织成分和肌肉体积的 MR 成像以及空腹血样。持续活跃的双胞胎的膝关节伸展力比不活跃的双胞胎高 20% (p = 0.006)，尽管活跃的双胞胎的大腿中部肌肉横截面积仅高 4% (p = 0.072)。这些结果在配对分析中是相似的，其中仅包括七对同卵双胞胎。活跃的双胞胎中大腿中部脂肪和肌肉组织面积的比率显着较低（0.65 vs. 0.48，p = 0.006）。活跃的双胞胎的空腹血糖水平也较低（5.1 vs 5.6 mmol/l，p = 0.041）。大腿中部肌内（肌细胞外）脂肪的面积与葡萄糖稳态标志物相关，尤其是与糖化血红蛋白相关，糖尿病和不活动的双胞胎强调了这些关联。在整个成年生活中定期锻炼可以保持肌肉力量和质量，但不一定能保持肌肉质量。经常使用肌肉还可以防止肌内脂肪的积累，这可能与维持葡萄糖代谢有关，从而预防代谢紊乱。
Exercise-induced positive changes in skeletal muscle properties and metabolism decrease the risk for disability, cardiometabolic diseases and mortality. Here, we studied muscle properties and glucose homeostasis in a non-exercise stage in twin pairs with co-twins discordant for physical activity habits for at least 32 years of their adult lives. Isometric knee extension force, MR imaging of midthigh tissue composition and muscle volume, and fasting blood samples were acquired from 16 same-sex (seven monozygotic, nine dizygotic) middle-aged and older twin pairs. The consistently active twins had 20 % higher knee extension forces than their inactive co-twins (p = 0.006) although the active twins had only 4 % higher midthigh muscle cross-sectional areas (p = 0.072). These results were similar in intrapair analysis in which only the seven identical twin pairs were included. The ratio between the area of midthigh fat and muscle tissues was significantly lower among the active twins (0.65 vs. 0.48, p = 0.006). The active twins had also lower fasting plasma glucose levels (5.1 vs 5.6 mmol/l, p = 0.041). The area of midthigh intramuscular (extramyocellular) fat was associated with the markers of glucose homeostasis, especially with glycated hemoglobin, and these associations were emphasized by the diabetic and inactive twins. Regular exercise throughout the adult life retains muscle strength and quality but not necessarily mass. The regular use of muscles also prevents from the accumulation of intramuscular fat which might be related to maintained glucose metabolism and, thus, prevention of metabolic disorders.