Public Participation in Scientific Research: a Framework for Deliberate Design
Public Participation in Scientific Research: a Framework for Deliberate Design
复制标题
DOI：
10.5751/es-04705-170229
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Bonney, Rick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shirk, Jennifer L.;Ballard, Heidi L.;Bonney, Rick
公众成员在许多不同的背景下参与科学研究，这些背景源于参与性行动研究和公民科学等各种传统。特别是在养护和自然资源管理方面，研究往往涉及复杂的社会生态问题，对这种参与的重视和参与的性质会对项目的设计方式和项目取得的成果产生重大影响。我们回顾并整合了这些领域和其他领域的最新工作，这些领域已经融合，因此我们提出了公众参与科学研究（PPSR）一词，以讨论来自不同领域和传统的倡议。我们描述了三种主要的模式PPSR和呼吁的案例研究表明，无论研究背景下，项目成果的影响（1）在研究过程中的公众参与程度和（2）在项目设计过程中协商的公众参与的质量。为了说明参与的质量和结果之间的关系，我们提供了一个框架，考虑如何科学和公共利益的项目设计朝着多个，综合的目标进行谈判。我们建议，这个框架和模型，串联使用，可以支持PPSR的努力，这将提高他们的成果，为科学研究，个人参与者和社会生态系统的精心设计。
Members of the public participate in scientific research in many different contexts, stemming from traditions as varied as participatory action research and citizen science. Particularly in conservation and natural resource management contexts, where research often addresses complex social-ecological questions, the emphasis on and nature of this participation can significantly affect both the way that projects are designed and the outcomes that projects achieve. We review and integrate recent work in these and other fields, which has converged such that we propose the term public participation in scientific research (PPSR) to discuss initiatives from diverse fields and traditions. We describe three predominant models of PPSR and call upon case studies suggesting that-regardless of the research context-project outcomes are influenced by (1) the degree of public participation in the research process and (2) the quality of public participation as negotiated during project design. To illustrate relationships between the quality of participation and outcomes, we offer a framework that considers how scientific and public interests are negotiated for project design toward multiple, integrated goals. We suggest that this framework and models, used in tandem, can support deliberate design of PPSR efforts that will enhance their outcomes for scientific research, individual participants, and social-ecological systems.