Streamwater chemistry during rainfall events in a forested basin
Streamwater chemistry during rainfall events in a forested basin
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森林盆地降雨期间的河水化学
DOI：
10.1016/0022-1694(88)90100-x
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
T. Hirata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Muraoka;T. Hirata
在一个面积为67.5公顷的实验性森林盆地中，在两个水循环期间测量了溪流的水化学。水质参数的详细列表包括pH、电导率（SC）、Cl-、NH +4-N、NO-2-N、NO-3-N、PO 3 - 4-P、SO2 - 4、K+、Na+、Ca 2+、Mg 2+和SiO2。在四个降雨径流事件中测得的河水的化学变化允许区分两种类型的溶质元素的行为。直到峰值流量，由于地表径流水的稀释作用，每种元素的浓度降低。而在退水期，浓度增加，主要有两种模式：（1）I型，在径流期结束时，浓度与径流事件前的基流水平大致相同;（2）II型，超过基流水平。I型包括SiO2、SC、Cl −、Na +; II型包括NO − 3-N、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+。在退水期，小溪流可能主要来源于壤中流，可能与地表土壤水有关，因此分析了土壤水化学。来源于土壤和基岩的SiO2向下浓度几乎均匀，土壤表面附近的NO-3-N浓度大于深层土壤水和溪水。两种结果分别对应于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型径流特征。Ⅱ类物质是与森林土壤生态系统代谢活动密切相关的主要必需元素，Ⅰ类物质是次要或非必需元素。
The hydrochemistry of streams has been measured during two water cycles in an experimental forested basin of 67.5 ha area. An itemized list of the water quality parameters includes pH, specific conductance (SC), Cl−, NH+4-N, NO−2-N, NO−3-N, PO3−4-P, SO2−4, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and SiO2. The chemical changes of streamwater measured during four rainfall runoff events allow to distinguish two types of solute element behavior. Until the peak flow, the concentration of each element decreases, due to a dilution effect by the surface runoff water. Whereas during the recession period the concentrations increase, following two major modes: (1) Type I, which shows approximately the same concentrations around the end of the runoff period as the baseflow level prior to the runoff event and (2) Type II, which overshoots the baseflow level.Type I includes SiO2, SC, Cl−, Na+; and Type II, NO−3-N, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+. During the recession period, the streamwater might be originating mainly from interflow, probably associated with surface soil water, therefore the soil water chemistry has been analyzed. SiO2, originating from soil and bedrock showed nearly uniform concentration in the downward direction, and NO−3-N concentration near soil surface was greater than that of deep soilwater and streamwater. Then two results correspond respectively to the runoff characteristics of Type I and Type II. The materials classified into Type II are revealed to be major essential elements closely involved in the metabolic activity of forest soil ecosystem and those of Type I to be minor or nonessential elements.