Interorganelle transport of aminoglycerophospholipids.
Interorganelle transport of aminoglycerophospholipids.
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氨基甘油磷脂的细胞器间转运。
DOI：
10.1016/s1388-1981(00)00051-2
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Voelker,DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voelker,DR
真核细胞的氨基甘油磷脂，磷脂酰丝氨酸（PtdSer），磷脂酰乙醇胺（PtdEtn）和磷脂酰胆碱（PtdCho），可以通过多种途径合成。PtdSer途径包括PtdSer的合成、其脱羧为PtdEtn以及随后的甲基化反应以形成PtdCho。Kennedy途径由Etn和Cho前体通过CDP-Etn和CDP-Cho中间体合成PtdEtn和PtdCho组成。沿着PtdSer途径的反应在空间上是分离的，其中PtdSer合成发生在内质网或线粒体相关膜（MAM）中，PtdEtn形成发生在线粒体和高尔基体/液泡隔室中，PtdCho形成发生在内质网或MAM中。PtdSer途径中不同脂质的细胞器特异性代谢为定义完整细胞、分离细胞器和透化细胞中氨基甘油磷脂的细胞器间转运事件提供了方便的生化手段。哺乳动物细胞和酵母的研究表明，这两个系统之间的脂质转运过程中有许多显着的相似之处。酵母中的遗传实验现在提供了创建新菌株的工具，所述新菌株具有沿着PtdSer途径的突变，所述PtdSer途径可以通过Kennedy途径反应有条件地拯救。酵母遗传学研究表明，现在有可能开始确定参与氨基甘油磷脂细胞器间转运的基因。
The aminoglycerophospholipids of eukaryotic cells, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), can be synthesized by multiple pathways. The PtdSer pathway encompasses the synthesis of PtdSer, its decarboxylation to PtdEtn and subsequent methylation reactions to form PtdCho. The Kennedy pathways consist of the synthesis of PtdEtn and PtdCho from Etn and Cho precursors via CDP-Etn and CDP-Cho intermediates. The reactions along the PtdSer pathway are spatially segregated with PtdSer synthesis occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), PtdEtn formation occurring in the mitochondria and Golgi/vacuole compartments and PtdCho formation occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum or MAM. The organelle-specific metabolism of the different lipids in the PtdSer pathway has provided a convenient biochemical means for defining events in the interorganelle transport of the aminoglycerophospholipids in intact cells, isolated organelles and permeabilized cells. Studies with both mammalian cells and yeast demonstrate many significant similarities in lipid transport processes between the two systems. Genetic experiments in yeast now provide the tools to create new strains with mutations along the PtdSer pathway that can be conditionally rescued by the Kennedy pathway reactions. The genetic studies in yeast indicate that it is now possible to begin to define genes that participate in the interorganelle transport of the aminoglycerophospholipids.