Long-term stress levels are synchronized in dogs and their owners
Long-term stress levels are synchronized in dogs and their owners
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-43851-x
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发表时间：
2019-06-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Roth, Lina S. V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sundman, Ann-Sofie;Van Poucke, Enya;Roth, Lina S. V.
这项研究揭示了，第一次，种间同步在长期的压力水平。在此之前，急性应激已被证明在人类之间和其他物种的个体之间具有高度传染性。在这里，长期的压力同步在狗和他们的主人进行了调查。我们研究了58只狗和人的二对，并在两个不同的场合分析了他们的头发皮质醇浓度（HCC），反映了前夏季和冬季的水平。狗和他们的主人的人格特质，确定通过业主完成的狗人格问卷（DPQ）和人类大五量表（BFI）的调查。此外，使用远程基于云的活动项圈连续监测狗的活动水平一周。设得兰群岛牧羊犬（N = 33）和边境牧羊犬（N = 25），性别平衡，参与，宠物狗和积极竞争的狗（敏捷性和服从），包括代表不同的生活方式。结果显示，在长期应激中存在显著的种间相关性，其中夏季和冬季采样的人HCC与犬HCC强烈相关（夏季：N = 57，chi（2）= 23.697，P < 0.001，beta = 0.235;冬季：N = 55，chi（2）= 13.796，P < 0.001，beta = 0.027）。有趣的是，狗的活动水平没有影响HCC，每周的训练量也没有影响HCC，这表明HCC水平与一般体力活动无关。此外，HCC中存在季节性效应。然而，虽然狗的个性对他们的HCC影响不大，但人类的个性特征神经质，开放性和开放性对狗的HCC有显着影响。因此，我们认为狗在很大程度上反映了主人的压力水平。
This study reveals, for the first time, an interspecific synchronization in long-term stress levels. Previously, acute stress, has been shown to be highly contagious both among humans and between individuals of other species. Here, long-term stress synchronization in dogs and their owners was investigated. We studied 58 dog-human dyads and analyzed their hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) at two separate occasions, reflecting levels during previous summer and winter months. The personality traits of both dogs and their owners were determined through owner-completed Dog Personality Questionnaire (DPQ) and human Big Five Inventory (BFI) surveys. In addition, the dog's activity levels were continuously monitored with a remote cloud-based activity collar for one week. Shetland sheepdogs (N = 33) and border collies (N = 25), balanced for sex, participated, and both pet dogs and actively competing dogs (agility and obedience) were included to represent different lifestyles. The results showed significant interspecies correlations in long-term stress where human HCC from both summer and winter samplings correlated strongly with dog HCC (summer: N = 57, chi(2) = 23.697, P < 0.001, beta = 0.235; winter: N = 55, chi(2) = 13.796, P < 0.001, beta = 0.027). Interestingly, the dogs' activity levels did not affect HCC, nor did the amount of training sessions per week, showing that the HCC levels were not related to general physical activity. Additionally, there was a seasonal effect in HCC. However, although dogs' personalities had little effects on their HCC, the human personality traits neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness significantly affected dog HCC. Hence, we suggest that dogs, to a great extent, mirror the stress level of their owners.