The Riots of 1856 in British Guiana
The Riots of 1856 in British Guiana
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1856 年英属圭亚那骚乱
DOI：
10.1080/00086495.1970.11829037
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发表时间：
1970
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. O. Chan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. O. Chan
约翰·塞耶斯·奥尔是1856年英属圭亚那骚乱的煽动者。他出生在乔治敦，他的父亲在1804年去世前一直是那里的Paymaster。他自己被描述为“克里奥尔人”；他的母亲是“一个体面的有色人种女人”，仍然生活在乔治敦。2奥尔有挑起骚乱的丰富经验--如果我们能相信他对自己的描述的话。3一个可能诚实，但仍然被欺骗的人，他认为所有社会弊病的根源是罗马天主教教会，他全力以赴反对那个教会，他预计他会在罗马本身成为他的事业的殉道者。为了追求自己的信仰，他为加拿大、美国和英国的Pollee所熟知。1848年7月24日，他在伦敦克莱肯韦尔格林被捕，被警察殴打，被关进监狱，但后来被释放。A他在伦敦被警察认出了。英格兰的其他地方，威尔士和新教的爱尔兰。苏格兰也没有逃过他的注意。他被逮捕了二十次，有人试图宣布他精神错乱，并把他送进精神病院。在……上面。索尔于1855年12月从格拉斯哥返回英属圭亚那，他立即在乔治敦露面。1856年1月1日。他给政府写了一封信。或者，帕比尔阁下，埃德蒙·沃德豪斯。他说，他的目标是“以一切可能的方式接触到穷人、无知和被鄙视的群众，向他们公布我的上帝的真理，这样他们就会被引导去尊重所有的人，爱兄弟情谊，敬畏上帝和尊敬女王。”他提醒总督，“王国的法律保障大英帝国每一个臣民的言论权利”；但他“充分意识到，在行使这项光荣的权利时，不能提出煽动，也不能打断大道”。然后，他恭敬地请求阁下“请指示，只要我在文字上或精神上不违反我们光荣的宪法的法律，我就可以在这项光荣的权利中受到保护。”
JOHN SAYERS ORR was the instigator of the riots of 1856 in British Guiana. He was born in Georgetown, where his father was Paymaster up to his death~ in 1804. 1 He himself was described as" a Creole"; and his mother was" a respecta. ble coloured woman", still llvlng ln Georgetown. 2 Orr had a wide experience in provoking disturbances-If we can believe his account of himself. 3 A probably honest, but nevertheless deluded, man, he thought th· at the source of all social ills was the Roman Cathollc Church, and bending all his energies against that Church, he expected t• hat h• e would die a martyr to his cause ln Rome itself. In pursuit of his beliefs, he became known to the pollee in Canada, the United States and Britain. On the 24th July, 1848, he was apprehended on Clerkenwell Green in London as a Chartist, was assaulted by the police, cast into prison, but later released on ball. A He was known to the police in. other parts of England, in Wales and in Protestant Ireland. Nor did Scotland escape his attention. He was arrested twenty times, and an attempt was made to declare him insane and to assign him to a mental instltuti. on. sOrr returned to British Guiana in December 1855, 6 from Glasgow; 7 and he Immediately made his presence felt in Georgetown. 8 On the 1st January, 1856. he wrote a letter to the Govern. or, His Excellency Pbill, p Edmund Wodehouse. His object, he said, was" in every way possible to get at the masses of the Poor, the Ignorant and despised and to publish to them the trutlh of my God, so t. hat they'be led to Honour all men, to love the Brotherhood, to fear God and to honour the Queen.'" He reminded the Governor that" the law of the Kingdom secures the right of speech to every subject of the British Empire"; but that he was" fully aware that In the exercise of this glorious right, sedition IS not to be broached nor is the thoroughfare to be interrupted." He then respectfully requested His Excellency" may be pleased to direct that I may be protected in this glorious right as long as I do not either in letter or in spirit violate the law of our glorious constitution." 9