Cocaine use in persons on methadone maintenance.
Cocaine use in persons on methadone maintenance.
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接受美沙酮维持治疗的人使用可卡因。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Aguillaume
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hanbury;V. Sturiano;M. Cohen;B. Stimmel;C. Aguillaume
尽管过去几年来社会各阶层的可卡因使用量急剧增加，但海洛因成瘾者使用可卡因的情况已经存在了数十年。为了确定成瘾者参加美沙酮维持治疗后可卡因使用的流行率或模式是否会发生变化，对接受美沙酮维持治疗的人进行了一项可卡因使用情况的调查。在 613 名受访者中，229 人（37%）选择参加，33 人（14%）因回答不完整而被视为无效。其余 196 人（占参与者的 86%）中，64 人（33%）表示在美沙酮维持治疗之前没有使用过可卡因，132 人（67%）表示之前曾使用过可卡因。治疗开始后，9 名（14%）没有既往使用史的人承认在过去 6 个月内至少发生过一次事件，55 名（86%）人报告没有使用过。在报告美沙酮维持治疗前使用的人中，41 人 (31%) 停止使用，91 人 (69%) 继续使用。在所有参与者中，大约一半在美沙酮维持期间至少使用过一次可卡因。在美沙酮维持治疗之前和期间使用可卡因的患者中，主要的给药途径是肠外给药，分别有 72 名 (54%) 和 46 名 (51%) 参与者。值得注意的是，由于进入美沙酮维持治疗，停止使用可卡因的患者净增加了 17%。通过随机尿液分析得出的过去 6 个月内整个诊所人群的可卡因使用指数显示，只有 86 名 (14%) 至 110 名 (18%) 患者的尿液样本可卡因呈阳性。尽管美沙酮维持治疗后可卡因的使用量有所减少，但其使用量仍然相当可观，其使用模式与非麻醉依赖人群中娱乐性可卡因的使用不同。可卡因的随机尿液分析似乎是可卡因使用流行率的不敏感指标。
Although cocaine use had increased dramatically among all levels of society over the past several years, its use by heroin addicts has existed for decades. To determine whether the prevalence or the pattern of cocaine use changes once an addict enrolls in methadone maintenance, a survey of cocaine use among persons in methadone maintenance therapy was conducted. Of the 613 persons surveyed, 229 (37%) chose to participate, with 33 (14%) considered invalid because of incomplete responses. Of the remaining 196 (86% of the participants), 64 (33%) indicated no cocaine use prior to methadone maintenance, and 132 (67%) reported some prior use. Once treatment had begun, 9 (14%) with no history of prior use admitted to at least one event within the last 6 months, and 55 (86%) reported no use. Of those reporting use prior to methadone maintenance, 41 (31%) stopped usage and 91 (69%) continued. Of the total participants, approximately half used cocaine at least once during methadone maintenance. Among those who used cocaine before and during methadone maintenance, the predominant route of administration was parenteral, 72 (54%) and 46 (51%) participants, respectively. It should be noted that there was a net gain of 17% of patients who stopped using cocaine as a result of entering methadone maintenance. Indices of cocaine use by random urinalysis over the preceding 6 months, for the entire clinic population, revealed only 86 (14%) to 110 (18%) patients to have urine samples positive for cocaine. Although cocaine use decreased on methadone maintenance, its use is still considerable, with the pattern of use differing from the recreational cocaine use in a non-narcotic-dependent population. Random urinalysis for cocaine appears to be an insensitive indication of prevalence of use.