Tin Oxide (SnOx) as Universal “Light‐Soaking” Free Electron Extraction Material for Organic Solar Cells
Tin Oxide (SnOx) as Universal “Light‐Soaking” Free Electron Extraction Material for Organic Solar Cells
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.201500277
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
S. Trost;A. Behrendt;T. Becker;A. Polywka;P. Görrn;T. Riedl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Trost;A. Behrendt;T. Becker;A. Polywka;P. Görrn;T. Riedl
AM1.5 太阳光谱原则上会提供足够的紫外线辐射来激活 TiO x 或 ZnO 并使设备正常工作。然而，Lim 等人报告说，在户外应用中，基于 TiO x 的 OSC 的光浸泡问题每天早上大约需要 1 小时才能激活细胞。 [12a]此外，为了避免紫外线引起的降解，许多活性有机供体材料需要紫外线过滤器的保护。 [13]更严重的是，在多结电池的复合层中，即使不专门使用紫外滤光片，紫外光子激活复合层中金属氧化物的可用性也将受到限制。在那里，紫外光谱范围可以被下部子电池吸收。在室内应用中，紫外线也会消失。无论如何，缺乏紫外线意味着需要紫外线激活的具有 TiO x 或 ZnO 夹层的 OSC 仍然效率低下。因此，开发不依赖于紫外线激活的电荷提取材料已被认为是实现高效和长期稳定器件的关键挑战。 [ 9 ]
The AM1.5 solar spectrum would in principle provide enough UV radiation to activate TiO x or ZnO and to render the devices to work properly. However, Lim et al., reported that in outdoor applications, the light-soaking issue in TiO x -based OSCs would consume roughly 1 h every morning for the cells to become activated. [ 12a ] In addition, to avoid UV-induced degradation, many active organic donor materials require protection by UV fi lters. [ 13 ] More severely, in the recombination layers of multijunction cells, the availability of UV photons to activate metal oxides in the recombination layers will be limited even without the dedicated use of UV fi lters. There, the UV spectral range may be absorbed by the lower subcell. In indoor applications, UV light will also be missing. In any case, the lack of UV light would imply that OSCs with interlayers of TiO x or ZnO that require UV activation would remain ineffi cient. As a result, the development of charge extraction materials that do not rely on UV activation has been identifi ed as a critical challenge to achieve highly effi cient and long-term stable devices. [ 9 ]