STATE OF ART AND TRENDS OF ADVANCED GEOLOGICAL PREDICTION IN TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION
STATE OF ART AND TRENDS OF ADVANCED GEOLOGICAL PREDICTION IN TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
Li Shuca
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作者：
Li Shuca
超前地质预报已成为隧道工程建设中不可缺少的重要组成部分，在隧道工程信息化施工、防灾减灾、安全保障等方面发挥了重要作用。根据现有资料，综述了钻爆法和TBM法隧道超前地质预报的研究现状和发展趋势。钻爆法隧道超前地质预报取得了很大进展，出现了反射地震法、电磁法、电阻率法等一套专门的方法、技术和设备，逐步实现了定量化探测，形成了综合超前地质预报方法。基于多种地球物理信息融合和联合反演方法的综合超前地质预报是抑制多解性、提高超前预报可靠性的有效途径。激发极化法和核磁共振法因其参数响应灵敏，在水的定量检测中显示出巨大的应用前景。由于TBM隧道施工环境的特殊性和复杂性，一些特殊的检测技术尚处于初步研究阶段，尚不能满足工程实践的要求，目前还没有可靠有效的超前预报技术。介绍了我组在钻爆法掘进中三种超前预报技术的最新进展及其在TBM掘进中的适用性。基于约束联合反演理论，提出了一个四阶段综合超前地质预报体系。今后的研究方向是：（1）进一步发展隧道施工综合定量检测技术;（2）TBM掘进超前地质预报技术与装备;（3）钻孔精密探测理论与技术;（4）真实的实时超前预报与施工灾害监测。
Advanced geological prediction has been an essential part in tunnel construction and has played an important role in aspects of informative construction,disaster prevention and safety guarantee in tunneling engineering. The state of the art and the trends of advanced geological prediction in drilling and blasting tunneling and TBM tunneling are summarized according to the available data. Great progress has been made in the advanced geological prediction in drilling and blasting tunneling with the emergence of a set of special methods,technologies and equipments,such as the reflection seismic method,the electromagnetic method and the electrical resistivity method,which gradually led to achieve quantitative detection and form a method of comprehensive advanced geological prediction. The comprehensive advanced geological prediction based on the fusion of multiple geophysical information and the method of combined inversion was considered an appropriate way for suppressing the multiple solutions and enhancing the reliability of advanced prediction. The methods of induced polarization and nuclear magnetic resonance have shown great prospects in the quantitative detection of water because of the sensitivity response of its parameters. Due to the particularity and complexity in the environment of TBM tunnel construction,some special detecting technologies did not meet the requirements of engineering practice which are at the preliminary stage of study and there have been no reliable and effective technologies for advanced prediction available generally. The latest developments in our group regarding three kinds of advanced prediction technology in drilling and blasting tunneling and its applicability to TBM tunnelling were described here. A system of comprehensive advanced geological prediction with four stages was proposed based on the theory of constrained joint inversion. The future studies are considered to be in the following four directions:(1) the further development of comprehensive quantitative detection during tunnel construction;(2) the technologies and equipments of advanced geological prediction in TBM tunnelling;(3) the theory and technology of precision probing at drilling;(4) the real time advanced prediction and construction disaster monitoring.