CHITINASE IN BEAN-LEAVES - INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE, PURIFICATION, PROPERTIES, AND POSSIBLE FUNCTION
CHITINASE IN BEAN-LEAVES - INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE, PURIFICATION, PROPERTIES, AND POSSIBLE FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00394536
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
VOGELI, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BOLLER, T;GEHRI, A;VOGELI, U
乙烯诱导早熟禾初生叶产生内切几丁质酶。该酶可将不溶性、胶体状或再生甲壳素转化为壳二糖和高级甲壳寡糖。在Abeles等人（1970）提出的用于乙烯诱导的几丁质酶的外切几丁质酶测定中检测到的总几丁质分解活性小于5%。在乙烯处理的植株中，几丁质酶活性在滞后6 h后开始增加，在24 h内被诱导30倍。外源乙烯在1 nl ml-1是足够的半最大的诱导，和增强内源乙烯的形成也增强几丁质酶活性。放线菌酮阻止了诱导。在所测试的各种水解酶中，只有几丁质酶和在较小程度上的β-淀粉酶被证明是水解酶。1，3-葡聚糖酶受乙烯诱导。乙烯对几丁质酶的诱导作用存在于许多不同的植物中。用再生几丁质柱亲和层析法纯化乙烯诱导的几丁质酶。通过十二烷基硫酸钠凝胶电泳获得的表观MW为30，000;通过Sephadex G-75过滤确定的MW为22，000。纯化的酶攻击几丁质在分离的细胞壁的镰刀菌solani。当与溶壁微球菌一起孵育时，它也充当溶菌酶。显然，乙烯诱导的几丁质酶作为一种防御酶对真菌和细菌的入侵者。
Ethylene induced an endochitinase in primary leaves of P. vulgaris L. The enzyme formed chitobiose and higher chitin oligosaccharides from insoluble, colloidal or regenerated chitin. Less than 5% of the total chitinolytic activity was detected in an exochitinase assay proposed by Abeles et al. (1970) for ethylene-induced chitinase. In ethylene-treated plants, chitinase activity started to increase after a lag of 6 h and was induced 30-fold within 24 h. Exogenously supplied ethylene at 1 nl ml-1 was sufficient for half-maximal induction, and enhancement of the endogenous ethylene formation also enhanced chitinase activity. Cycloheximide prevented the induction. Among various hydrolases tested, only chitinase and, to a lesser extent, .beta.-1,3-glucanase were induced by ethylene. Induction of chitinase by ethylene occurred in many different plant species. Ethylene-induced chitinase was purified by affinity chromatography on a column of regenerated chitin. Its apparent MW obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis was 30,000; the MW determined from filtration through Sephadex G-75 was 22,000. The purified enzyme attacked chitin in isolated cell walls of Fusarium solani. It also acted as a lysozyme when incubated with Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Apparently, ethylene-induced chitinase functions as a defense enzyme against fungal and bacterial invaders.