Optical and thermal characterisation of cool asphalts to mitigate urban temperatures and building cooling demand
Optical and thermal characterisation of cool asphalts to mitigate urban temperatures and building cooling demand
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.11.004
复制
发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Zinzi, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carnielo, Emiliano;Zinzi, Michele
城市热岛效应被定义为城市空气温度相对于周围农村地区的升高。这一现象在所有纬度都有发生，再加上全球变暖，对环境、能源和健康水平产生了严重影响。提高城市材料的太阳反射率是一项旨在降低地表和气温并缓解城市热岛效应的战略。应用于常规沥青的冷却材料是实现这一目的的可行技术。在室内和室外进行了光学和热学表征，表明了几种凉爽沥青样品与常规材料相比具有更好的性能和性能。实验数据被用作输入来模拟罗马人口稠密地区的热环境，估计道路反照率对温度空气轮廓的影响。使用ENVI-MET软件进行的模拟显示，与道路太阳反射率密切相关的气温显著降低。气温分布被用作计算建筑物反照率变化的影响的输入。利用TRNsys动态模拟工具对典型意大利住宅的峰值供冷需求进行了模拟。对于最高的太阳反射率配置，计算出峰值降低了近19%。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is defined as the increase of the urban air temperature compared to surrounding rural areas. The phenomenon is experienced at all latitudes and, combined with the global warming, has a severe impact at environment, energy and health level. The increasing of solar reflectance of urban materials is a strategy aimed at reducing surface and air temperatures and at mitigating the UHI. Cool materials applied to conventional asphalts are a viable technology for such purposes. The optical and thermal characterisation was carried out in laboratory and outdoor, and showed the enhanced properties and performances of several cool asphalt samples compared to conventional materials. The experimental data were used as input to simulate the thermal environment of a densely populated neighbourhood in Rome, estimating the effect of the roads albedo on the temperature air profile. Simulations performed with the software ENVI-met showed a significant reduction of air temperature closely correlated with the road solar reflectance. The air temperature profiles were used as input to calculate the impact of the albedo change at the building level. Simulations on the peak cooling demand of typical Italian dwellings were carried out by means of the TRNSYS dynamic simulation tool. Peak reductions of almost 19% were calculated for the highest solar reflectance configuration. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.