Nutrition-/diet-induced changes in gene expression in white adipose tissue
Nutrition-/diet-induced changes in gene expression in white adipose tissue
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beem.2005.07.005
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Joost, HG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Hasani, H;Joost, HG
营养素通过酶浓度的转录和翻译控制以及酶活性的变构调节来调节代谢通量和体内平衡。饮食中的 omega-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 已被证明可以发挥多种有益的健康作用，例如减少啮齿动物的肥胖和增加胰岛素敏感性。现在已经清楚，PUFA 通过调节作为营养传感器的关键转录因子的活性和丰度来调节基本的脂肪细胞和肝脏功能，这些转录因子包括过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 (PPAR α/δ/γ)、甾醇调节元件结合蛋白 (SREBP-1/2) 和肝脏 X 受体 (LXR α/β)。然而，在肥胖状态下，脂肪组织中甘油三酯的储存量增加，许多对脂肪细胞功能至关重要的脂肪生成基因（包括 PPAR γ、SREBP-Ic、CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白 α 和硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶-I）均被下调，这显然是由于相同的关键营养传感器的脱敏所致。本章将总结 PUFA 和肥胖引起的白色脂肪组织基因表达变化的最新研究。
Nutrients regulate metabolic fluxes and homeostasis through transcriptional and translational control of enzyme concentrations and allosteric modulation of enzyme activity. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to exert a variety of beneficial health effects such as reducing adiposity and increasing insulin sensitivity in rodents. It is now clear that PUFAs regulate fundamental adipose cell and liver functions through modulation of activity and abundance of key transcription factors that act as nutrient sensors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha/delta/gamma), sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP-1/2), and liver X receptors (LXR alpha/beta). However, in the state of obesity, where adipose tissue shows elevated storage of triglycerides, many lipogenic genes that are essential for adipose cell function including PPAR gamma, SREBP-Ic, CCAAT-enhancer binding protein alpha and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-I are downregulated, apparently due to desensitization of the very same crucial nutrient sensors. This chapter will summarize recent studies of PUFA- and obesity-induced changes in gene expression in white adipose tissue.