EFFECTS OF PH AND SALINITY ON SURVIVAL, GROWTH AND OSMOREGULATION IN PENAEUS-MONODON FABRICIUS-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/0044-8486(92)90048-p

发表时间：

1992-10-01

期刊：

AQUACULTURE

影响因子：

4.5

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

农林科学1区

文献类型：

--

作者：

ALLAN, GL;MAGUIRE, GB

采用盐酸化海水静态生物测定法，测定了斑节对虾幼虾(平均体重4.2~5.5g)的低pH临界值。盐度为32‰时，其致死pH值(96 h LC_(50))为3.7(95%可信限；3.4和4.1)。可接受的最低pH值，定义为在23天内使生长减少5%的pH值，估计为5.9，盐度为千分之三十。与pH为7.8时相比，长期(23天)暴露在低pH(4.9ppm)和30‰盐度下也显著降低了对虾的干物质含量(P&lt；0.001)，增加了换羽频率(P&lt；0.05)。在不同pH(5.5ppm或7.8ppm)和盐度(15ppm或30ppm)条件下，低pH(P&lt；0.001)对对虾生长有抑制作用，而pH与盐度交互作用显著(P&lt；0.05)。在不同pH(5.6ppm或7.8ppm)和盐度(15ppm或30ppm)组合下的对虾的析因实验中，高盐度(P&lt；0.001)和低pH(P&lt；0.01)的对虾血淋巴渗透调节较差，与低盐度和高pH相比，没有显著的交互作用(P&gt；0.05)。对致死性和最低可接受低pH值的估计应有助于对虾养殖户管理酸性池塘。

Critical levels of low pH for juvenile Penaeus monodon (4.2-5.5 g average weight), were determined using static bioassays with seawater acidified by using hydrochloric acid (HCI). The lethal pH (96 h LC50) was 3.7 (95% confidence limits; 3.4 and 4.1 ) at a salinity of 32 parts per thousand. The minimum acceptable pH, defined as that pH which reduced growth by 5% over 23 days, was estimated as 5.9 al a salinity of 30 parts per thousand. In comparison to a pH of 7.8, long-term (23 days) exposure to low pH (4.9) at 30 parts per thousand salinity also significantly decreased dry matter content of the prawns (P < 0.001) and increased moulting frequency (P < 0.05). For prawns held at different pH (5.5 or 7.8) and salinity ( 15 or 30 parts per thousand combinations, growth was reduced by low pH (P < 0.001) but was unaffected by salinity (P > 0.05) while the pH x salinity interaction was significant (P < 0.05). In a separate factorial experiment with prawns held at different pH (5.6 or 7.8) and salinity ( 15 or 30 parts per thousand) combinations, haemolymph osmoregulation was worse at high salinity (P < 0.001 ) and low pH (P < 0.01), compared with low salinity and high pH and there was no significant interaction (P > 0.05 ). The estimation of lethal and minimum acceptable low pH values should assist prawn farmers with the management of acid ponds.