Visualisation of the brownout phenomenon, integration and test on a helicopter flight simulator
Visualisation of the brownout phenomenon, integration and test on a helicopter flight simulator
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直升机飞行模拟器上停电现象的可视化、集成和测试
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Torsten Gerlach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Torsten Gerlach
摘要 在退化的视觉环境下飞行是直升机操作中的一项具有挑战性的任务。过去，由于转子在多尘或沙质的地下下冲而引起的停电现象已经导致了几起严重事故和事故。与转子涡流的广泛自由尾流分析相反，本文提出了一种模拟断电条件的计算机图形解决方案。动画方法建立在粒子系统的基础上，具有永久地面涡流和额外湍流的基本空气动力学假设。创建的掉电效果模块是实时图像生成器软件的一部分，用于 DLR 的地面直升机飞行模拟器。底层应用程序编程接口 OpenSceneGraph 的面向对象结构有助于开发通用效果接口以供将来改进。提供了所开发模块、粒子系统引擎和物理依赖性的概述。为了克服捕捉视觉真实感的挑战，提出了一个包含停电典型任务的试点测试课程。定义侧重于视觉和物理参数的标准来构建调查问卷。它用于提高视觉标准并满足未来飞行员的需求。
Abstract Flying under degraded visual environments is a challenging task in helicopter operations. The brownout phenomenon, caused by the rotor downwash on a dusty or sandy underground has caused several critical incidences and accidents in the past. In contrast to an extensive free wake analysis of the rotor vortices, this paper presents a computer graphical solution to simulate brownout conditions. The animation approach builds upon a particle system with a basic aerodynamic assumption of a permanent ground vortex and additional turbulence. The created brownout effect module is a part of the RealTime Image Generator software, used in DLR’s ground based helicopter flight simulator. The object oriented structure of the underlying application programming interface OpenSceneGraph facilitates the development of a generic effect interface for future improvements. An overview of the developed module, the particle system engine and the physical dependencies is provided. To overcome the challenge of capturing the visual realism, a pilot test course with brownout typical tasks is presented. Criteria focussing on the visual and physical parameters are defined to build up a questionnaire. It is used to improve the visual standard and to meet the future pilot’s needs.