Prehistorical climate change increased diversification of a group of butterflies
Prehistorical climate change increased diversification of a group of butterflies
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2008.0062
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发表时间：
2008-06-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wahlberg, Niklas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pena, Carlos;Wahlberg, Niklas
蝶科（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科）和禾本科（禾本科）是非常多样的，分布在世界各地。大多数Satelliae使用草作为宿主植物，但这种紧密联系的时间尺度尚不清楚。在这里，我们提出了一个Saturaae蝴蝶和相关群体的系统发育研究，基于5.1的六个基因区域和238个形态特征的所有主要谱系的“satyrine分支”。使用渐新世晚期的化石校准的分歧时间的估计表明，物种丰富的部落Saturani多样化到目前的2200种，同时在渐新世地球急剧冷却和干燥期间，草的扩张和辐射。我们认为，自2500万年前以来，全球气候变化引发了草的无处不在，促进了Saturani食草动物的适应性辐射。
Satyrinae butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and grasses (Poaceae) are very diverse and distributed worldwide. Most Satyrinae use grasses as host plants, but the temporal scale of this tight association is not known. Here, we present a phylogenetic study of Satyrinae butterflies and related groups, based on 5.1 kilobases from six gene regions and 238 morphological characters for all major lineages in the 'satyrine clade'. Estimates of divergence times calibrated using a fossil from the Late Oligocene indicate that the species-rich tribe Satyrini diversified to its current 2200 species simultaneously with the expansion and radiation of grasses during the dramatic cooling and drying up of the Earth in the Oligocene. We suggest that the adaptive radiation of grass feeders in Satyrini has been facilitated by the ubiquitousness of grasses since 25 Myr ago, which was triggered by a change in global climate.