Cyclooxygenase-2: a therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
Cyclooxygenase-2: a therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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DOI：
10.3816/cgc.2005.n.034
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wallen, Eric M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pruthi, Raj S;Wallen, Eric M
前列腺素（PG）通路的发现和阐明，特别是环氧合酶-2（考克斯-2）功能的分子和临床作用，已被发现在肿瘤形成中具有重要作用。本文将讨论目前对考克斯-2活性作用的理解以及考克斯-2特异性抑制剂在前列腺癌中的潜在临床应用。从1960年至今，我们在科学文献中综述了PG通路的发现、考克斯-2功能的分子和临床作用以及在肿瘤形成中的相应应用。此外，对最近在科学会议（美国泌尿外科协会和美国临床肿瘤学会1998年至今的年会）上发表的关于考克斯-2在泌尿系癌症中的潜在作用的摘要进行了全面审查。细胞凋亡减少、血管生成增加和免疫抑制只是考克斯-2过表达的一些已知后遗症，并且每种效应在肿瘤形成和进展中具有重要作用。迄今为止，前列腺癌的临床前研究和初步临床研究前景看好。我们刚刚开始了解考克斯-2功能及其抑制的分子机制和临床效果，以及考克斯-2特异性抑制剂影响肿瘤生物学和生长的潜力，从而作为抗肿瘤药物在前列腺癌中的治疗和化学预防作用。在这些领域缺乏完整的科学理解，为创新和重要的科学研究提供了一个令人兴奋的机会。
The discovery and elucidation of prostaglandin (PG) pathways, particularly the molecular and clinical role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) function, has been found to have an important role in neoplasia. Current understanding of the role of COX-2 activity and therefore the potential clinical usefulness of COX-2-specific inhibitors in prostate cancer will be discussed herein. The discovery of PG pathways, the molecular and clinical roles of COX-2 function, and the corresponding application to neoplasia were reviewed in the scientific literature from 1960 through the present time. In addition, thorough review of recent abstract presentations at scientific meetings (American Urological Association and American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings from 1998 to the present) was undertaken regarding the potential role of COX-2 in urologic cancers. Reduced apoptosis, increased angiogenesis, and immunosuppression are just some of the known sequelae of COX-2 overexpression, and each effect could have an important role in tumor formation and progression. Preclinical research and pilot clinical studies in prostate cancer to date have been promising. We are just beginning to understand the molecular mechanisms and clinical effects of COX-2 function and its inhibition and the potential for COX-2-specific inhibitors to affect tumor biology and growth, and thereby serve as antitumor drugs in therapeutic and chemopreventive roles in prostate cancer. The absence of complete scientific understanding in these areas presents an exciting opportunity for innovative and important scientific study.