Prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress among pregnant and non-pregnant youth living with HIV in rural Uganda: a comparative study.
Prevalence and factors associated with psychological distress among pregnant and non-pregnant youth living with HIV in rural Uganda: a comparative study.
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乌干达农村地区感染艾滋病毒的怀孕和非怀孕青少年的患病率和与心理困扰相关的因素：一项比较研究。
DOI：
10.1080/13548506.2022.2050270
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ashaba,Scholastic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kesande,Claire;Bapolisi,Achille;Kaggwa,MarkMohan;Nakimuli-Mpungu,Etheldreda;Maling,Samuel;Ashaba,Scholastic
感染艾滋病毒的青年容易出现心理困扰，这可能对健康结果产生不利影响。怀孕青年难以获得艾滋病毒护理，增加了艾滋病毒垂直传播给婴儿的风险。艾滋病毒和怀孕都与青少年心理健康状况不佳独立相关。使妇女容易精神健康不佳的因素也可能增加她们感染艾滋病毒的风险。尽管他们希望有孩子，但YLHIV有很高的心理压力风险。然而，与乌干达农村YLHIV患者心理困扰相关的因素尚未得到充分探讨。因此，本研究的目的是确定乌干达西南部孕妇和非孕妇YLHIV的患病率和与心理困扰相关的因素。我们在2018年12月至2019年3月期间招募了224名年龄在15-24岁之间的YLHIV，包括妊娠和非妊娠（比例为1：1）。我们获得了有关心理困扰和影响艾滋病毒感染者心理健康结果的假设因素的信息，包括内化的艾滋病毒污名，亲密伴侣暴力，自尊和社会支持。采用双变量和多变量logistic回归分析来估计与心理困扰独立相关的因素。妊娠期和非妊娠期HIV感染者心理困扰发生率分别为48.2%和32.14%。艾滋病污名与艾滋病孕妇心理困扰显著相关（AOR=4.61; 95% CI 1.63-13.84; P=0.004）、身体虐待（AOR=4.97; 95% CI 1.41- 17.56; P= 0.013）和与伴侣分离（AOR =0.03; 95% CI 0.001-0.580; P=0.020）。
Youth living with HIV (YLHIV) are prone to psychological distress, which may have detrimental effects on health outcomes. Pregnant youth have poor access to HIV care increasing the risk of vertical transmission of HIV to their infants. Both HIV and pregnancy are independently associated with poor mental health among adolescents. The factors that predispose women to poor mental health may also increase their risk of contracting HIV. Despite their desire to have children YLHIV are at a high risk of psychological distress. However, factors associated with psychological distress among YLHIV in rural Uganda are not well explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with psychological distress among pregnant and non-pregnant YLHIV in south western Uganda. We enrolled 224 YLHIV aged 15-24 years both pregnant and nonpregnant (ratio 1:1) between December 2018 and March 2019. We obtained information on psychological distress and factors hypothesized to affect mental health outcomes among people living with HIV including internalized HIV stigma, intimate partner violence, self-esteem and social support. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to estimate factors independently associated with psychological distress. The prevalence of psychological distress was 48.2%% among pregnant YLHIV and 32.14% among non-pregnant YLHIV. Factors significantly associated with psychological distress among pregnant YLHIV were HIV stigma (AOR=4.61; 95% CI 1.63–13.84; P=0.004), physical abuse (AOR=4.97; 95% CI 1.41- 17.56; P= 0.013), and separation from partner (AOR =0.03; 95% CI 0.001-0.580; P=0.020).