The Position of the Larynx in Children and its Relationship to the Ease of Intubation
The Position of the Larynx in Children and its Relationship to the Ease of Intubation
复制标题
儿童喉部的位置及其与插管难易程度的关系
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
R. Westhorpe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Westhorpe
使用出生至青春期儿童的上气道侧位x线片来确定会厌尖端、舌骨、声门和环状软骨下缘的位置随生长的变化。在生命的头两年，这些结构相对于颈椎有明显的下降。然后，它们的位置保持相当静止，直到青春期，喉部结构进一步下降。使用相同的方法来确定头颈不同体位喉镜检查的容易程度，结果表明，在婴儿中，寰枕关节完全伸展和头肩在平面上时获得最佳视野。成人寰枕关节充分伸展，头部靠在低枕上，可获得最佳视角。提出了这些观察结果的解剖学解释。
Lateral radiographs of the upper airway of children aged from birth to puberty were used to determine the changes in position, with growth, of the tip of the epiglottis, the hyoid, the glottis, and the inferior margin of the cricoid cartilage. There is a marked descent of these structures relative to the cervical spine during the first two years of life. Their position then remains fairly static until puberty, when further descent of laryngeal structures occurs. Using the same methods to determine ease of laryngoscopy with the head and neck in different positions it was shown that in infants the best view is obtained with the atlanto-occipital joint fully extended and the head and shoulders on a flat surface. In adults the best view is obtained with the atlanto-occipital joint fully extended and the head resting on a low pillow. Anatomical explanations for these observations are presented.