Imaging of the larynx and hypopharynx
Imaging of the larynx and hypopharynx
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.03.027
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Allal, Abdelkarim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker, Minerva;Burkhardt, Karim;Allal, Abdelkarim
本文的目的是回顾目前使用的成像协议的病理条件的评价喉和下咽部，描述关键解剖结构在喉和下咽部是相关的肿瘤扩散和讨论的临床作用，计算机断层扫描（CT），磁共振成像（MRI）和PET CT在该区域鳞状细胞癌患者治疗前检查和治疗后随访中的应用。详细讨论了特征性肿瘤粘膜下浸润模式，包括扩展到会厌前间隙、声门旁间隙和喉软骨，以及影像学对肿瘤分期和治疗计划的影响。本文还对该区域较少见的肿瘤如软骨肉瘤、淋巴瘤、小涎腺肿瘤和脂肪瘤作一综述。由于大多数非肿瘤性疾病不需要影像学检查，因此讨论了CT和MRI在某些特殊情况下的作用，如描绘囊肿和喉囊肿，炎症性疾病中的脓肿形成，评估肉芽肿性和自身免疫性疾病中的喉和下咽受累，以及评估严重钝性创伤所致喉骨折的程度。(C)2008爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
The purpose of this article is to review currently used imaging protocols for the evaluation of pathologic conditions of the larynx and hypopharynx, to describe key anatomic structures in the larynx and hypopharynx that are relevant to tumor spread and to discuss the clinical role of Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and PET CT in the pretherapeutic workup and posttherapeutic follow-up of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of this region. A detailed discussion of the characteristic neoplastic submucosal invasion patterns, including extension to the preepiglottic space, paraglottic space and laryngeal cartilages and the implications of imaging for tumor staging and treatment planning is provided. The present article also reviews less common tumors of this region, such as chondrosarcoma, lymphoma, minor salivary gland tumors and lipoma. As the majority of non-neoplastic conditions do not require imaging the role of CT and MRI is discussed in come particular situations, such as to delineate cysts and laryngoceles, abscess formation in inflammatory conditions, to evaluate laryngeal and hypopharyngeal involvement in granulomatous and autoimmune diseases, and to evaluate the extent of laryngeal fractures due to severe blunt trauma. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.