Environmental DNA revealed the fish community of Hokkaido Island, Japan, after invasion by rainbow trout.
Environmental DNA revealed the fish community of Hokkaido Island, Japan, after invasion by rainbow trout.
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DOI：
10.3897/bdj.8.e56876
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Minamoto T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imamura A;Hayami K;Sakata MK;Minamoto T
在淡水生态系统中，入侵的鲑科鱼类会对本地鱼类产生重大影响。检测入侵及其负面影响对于保护本地鱼类群落至关重要。利用环境DNA（eDNA）元条形码技术研究了日本北海道上川平原淡水鱼类群落（包括鲑科鱼类）的物种组成和季节变化。我们在12个月内（2018年10月至2019年8月）从16个地点收集的176个样本中检测到23种鱼类。在每个站点检测到11至20个物种，包括5种本地鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus masou，Oncorhynchus凯塔，Parahucho perryi，Salvelinus leucomaenis leucomaenis和Salvelinus malma krascheninchiva）。在所有16个地点都检测到入侵的外来虹鳟鱼，它是最常见的鲑鱼。虽然我们没有发现明显的竞争性排斥本地鲑鱼的虹鳟鱼在研究区域，入侵物种发生更频繁，在更多的网站比任何本地人。我们还确定了鱼类群落的发生和季节变化，分类为本地鲑鱼，入侵虹鳟鱼，鲤形目和其他底栖鱼类。冬季物种总体较少，但冬季物种丰富度较高的站点位于河流下游。此外，我们发现了国内的入侵者，如顶口gudgeon，麦穗鱼，虽然他们比虹鳟鱼少流行。这些结果表明，eDNA元条形码的有效性，它可以用于调查在生态系统尺度上的物种丰富度。特别是，入侵物种建立和传播的早期阶段的检测可以通过eDNA监测来实现。
In freshwater ecosystems, invasive salmonid fishes can have a significant impact on native fish species. Detecting the invasion and its negative effects is critical for the conservation of native fish communities. We examined the species composition and seasonal changes in the freshwater fish community, including salmonids, on the Kamikawa Plain, Hokkaido Island, Japan, using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. We detected 23 fish species in 176 samples collected from 16 sites over 12 months (October 2018 – August 2019). Between 11 and 20 species were detected at each site, including five native salmonids (Oncorhynchus masou, Oncorhynchus keta, Parahucho perryi, Salvelinus leucomaenis leucomaenis and Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova). The invasive alien rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was detected at all 16 sites and it was the most commonly detected salmonid. Although we found no obvious competitive exclusion of native salmonids by rainbow trout in the study area, the invasive species occurred more often and at more sites than any of the natives. We also determined the occurrence and seasonal changes in the fish community, classified as native salmonids, invasive rainbow trout, Cypriniformes and other benthic fishes. There were fewer species overall in winter, but the sites with higher species richness in winter were on the lower reaches of the river. In addition, we detected domestic invaders, such as the topmouth gudgeon, Pseudorasbora parva, although they were less prevalent than rainbow trout. These results show the effectiveness of eDNA metabarcoding, which can be used for surveying species richness at an ecosystem scale. In particular, the detection of the early stages of establishment and spread of invasive species can be achieved by eDNA monitoring.